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The 4-way crossing scheme to produce an outbred Factory strain [9]. Three domesticated (inbred) strains are maintained in the Factory and crossed following the illustrated scheme with the fourth strain coming from the mass-reared flies. Genetic markers can be incorporated via one of the inbred strains (1*). If the marker is mitochondrial DNA, then 1* must be all female and in the second generation cross the females must be the daughters of the marked females in generation 1.
