Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies of gastric cancer and GSTM1 status
| Study | Ethnicity (region) | No. of cases/controls | GC diagnosis | Source of control selection | Matching criteria | Genotyping method | Exposures | Null GSTM1 n(%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Control | ||||||||
| Richard C. Strange 1991 [13] | Caucasian (Britain) | 19/49 | Histologically confirmed | Clinic based | NA | Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis | NA | 14(73.7) | 20(40.8) |
| Shoji Harada 1992 [14] | Asian (Japan) | 19/84 | NA | Healthy volunteers | NA | PCR | NA | 14(73.7) | 40(47.6) |
| Shunji Kato 1996 [15] | Asian (Japan) | 64/120 | Histologically confirmed | Clinic based | Age,gender | PCR-RFLP | NA | 30(46.9) | 61(50.8) |
| Takahiko Katoh 1996 [16] | Asian (Japan) | 139/126 | Histologically confirmed | Healthy volunteers | Age | Multiplex PCR | Smoking status | 79(56.8) | 55(43.6) |
| Mark Deakin 1996 [17] | Caucasian (Britain) | 136/577 | NA | Clinic based | NA | PCR | NA | 72(52.9) | 316(54.8) |
| Liakhovich VV 1997 [18] | Caucasian (Russia) | 49/53 | NA | Healthy volunteers | NA | PCR | NA | 21(42.9) | 21(39.6) |
| Enders K. W. Ng 1998 [19] | Asian (China) | 35/35 | NA | Clinic based | Age,gender | Differential PCR | Helicobacter pylori infection | 23(65.7) | 13(52.0) |
| Gisela Martins 1998 [20] | Caucasian (Portugal) | 148/84 | Histologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | NA | Differential PCR | NA | 71(48.0) | 44(52.0) |
| Veronica Wendy Setiawan 2000 [21] | Asian (China) | 87/419 | Pathologically diagnosis | Population based | Geographical origin | PCR | Smoking status, alcohol drinking and Helicobacter pylori infection | 42(48.3) | 212(50.6) |
| Qing Lan 2001 [22] | Caucasian (Poland) | 347/426 | NA | Population based | Age,gender | PCR-RFLP | NA | 167(48.1) | 222(52.1) |
| Lin Cai 2001 [23] | Asian (China) | 95/94 | Histologically or operation diagnosis | Population based | Age,gender | PCR | Smoking status and GSTT1 genotyping | 60(63.2) | 43(45.7) |
| Iraj Saadat 2001 [24] | Caucasian (Iran) | 42/131 | Pathologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | Age,gender | PCR | GSTT1 genotyping | 26(61.9) | 53(40.5) |
| Alessandro Sgambato 2002 [25] | Caucasian (Italy) | 8/100 | NA | Healthy volunteers | NA | PCR | NA | 5(62.5) | 53(53.0) |
| Ming-Shiang Wu 2002 [26] | Asian (China) | 356/278 | Histologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | NA | Multiplex PCR | NA | 173(48.6) | 136(48.9) |
| Chang-Ming Gao 2002 [27] | Asian (China) | 153/223 | Histopathologically diagnosis | Population based | Age,gender | Multiplex PCR | Smoking status | 90(58.8) | 133(59.6) |
| Suck Chei Choi 2003 [28] | Asian (South Korea) | 80/177 | Pathologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | NA | PCR | NA | 46(57.5) | 95(53.7) |
| Jucimara Colombo1 2004 [29] | Caucasian (Brazil) | 87/135 | Histopathologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | Age,gender | Multiplex PCR | NA | 45(51.7) | 60(44.4) |
| Jucimara Colombo2 2004 [29] | Negroid (Brazil) | 13/15 | Histopathologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | Age,gender | Multiplex PCR | NA | 2(15.4) | 2(13.3) |
| Mark J. Roth 2004 [30] | Asian (China) | 90/454 | Pathologically, radiologically, cytological or operation diagnosis | Healthy cohort subjects | Age,gender | RT-PCR | NA | 66(73.3) | 145(31.9) |
| Shioto Suzuki 2004 [31] | Asian (Japan) | 145/177 | NA | Clinic based | Age | PCR | NA | 87(60.0) | 84(47.5) |
| Auxiliadora González 2004 [32] | Caucasian (Costa Rica) | 31/51 | Pathologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | NA | Multiplex PCR | NA | 15(48.4) | 26(51.0) |
| María M. Torres 2004 [33] | Caucasia (Colombia) | 46/96 | Pathologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | Age,gender | Multiplex PCR | NA | 30(65.2) | 36(37.5) |
| Jing Shen 2005 [34] | Asian (China) | 112/675 | Endoscopic and pathological diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | NA | PCR | Smoking status | 71(63.4) | 361(53.5) |
| Kuang-Chi Lai 2005 [35] | Asian (China) | 123/121 | Histologically or operation diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | NA | Multiplex PCR | NA | 73(59.3) | 55(45.5) |
| Hao Li 2005 [36] | Asian (China) | 100/62 | Pathologically diagnosis | Clinic based | NA | PCR | Smoking status and Helicobacter pylori infection | 67(67.0) | 26(41.9) |
| Li-Na Mu 2005 [37] | Asian (China) | 196/393 | Pathologically diagnosis | Population based | Age,gender | PCR | NA | 127(64.8) | 235(59.8) |
| Hong-Mei Nan 2005 [38] | Asian (South Korea) | 400/614 | Histologically diagnosis | Clinic based | Age,gender | Multiplex PCR | NA | 251(62.8) | 360(58.6) |
| Lulufer Tamer 2005 [39] | Caucasian (Turkey) | 70/204 | Histologically or operation diagnosis | Population based | NA | RT-PCR | Smoking status and GSTT1 genotyping | 40(57.1) | 88(43.1) |
| Antonio Agudo 2006 [40] | Caucasian (Britain) | 242/932 | Pathologically diagnosis | Healthy cohort subjects | Age, gender, center and date of blood collection | PCR | Smoking status | 122(50.4) | 498(53.4) |
| Kuen Lee 2006 [41] | Caucasian (Chile) | 73/263 | Histologically diagnosis | Clinic based | NA | PCR | Smoking status and alcohol drinking | 13(17.8) | 56(21.3) |
| Carmen Martinez 2006 [42] | Caucasian (Spain) | 87/329 | Histologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | Geographical origin | Multiplex PCR | GSTT1 genotyping | 33(37.9) | 149(45.3) |
| Su Hyung Hong 2006 [43] | Asian (South Korea) | 108/238 | Histologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | NA | Multiplex PCR | Smoking status and alcohol drinking and Helicobacter pylori infection | 60(55.6) | 134(56.3) |
| Stefania Boccia 2007 [44] | Caucasian (Italy) | 107/254 | Histologically diagnosis | Clinic based | Age,gender | Multiplex PCR | Smoking status and alcohol drinking | 59(56.2) | 135(52.7) |
| Annamaria Ruzzo 2007 [45] | Caucasian (Italy) | 79/112 | Pathologically diagnosis | Population based | Age,gender | Multiplex PCR | Helicobacter pylori infection and GSTT1 genotyping | 35(44.3) | 61(54.5) |
| Louise Wideroff 2007 [46] | Caucasian (America) | 116/208 | Histologically diagnosis | Population based | Age,gender | PCR | NA | 61(52.6) | 121(58.2) |
| Shweta Tripathi 2008 [47] | Caucasian (India) | 76/100 | Histopathologically diagnosis | Clinic based | Age,gender | PCR | GSTT1 genotyping | 31(40.8) | 39(39.0) |
| Mansour S. Al-Moundhri 2009 [48] | Caucasian (Oman) | 107/107 | NA | Healthy volunteers | Geographical origin | Multiplex PCR | Helicobacter pylori infection and GSTT1 genotyping | 42(39.3) | 32(30.0) |
| Mohammad Masoudi 2009 [49] | Caucasian (Iran) | 67/134 | Pathologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | Age,gender | PCR | NA | 37(55.2) | 60(44.8) |
| Manzoor A. Malik 2009 [50] | Caucasian (India) | 108/195 | Histopathologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | Age | Multiplex PCR | Smoking status | 64(59.3) | 79(40.5) |
| Kristin A. Moy 2009 [51] | Asian (China) | 170/735 | Histopathologically, clinically, radiologically or operation diagnosis | Healthy cohort subjects | Age and date of biospecimen collection | TaqMan | GSTT1 genotyping | 98(57.6) | 415(56.5) |
| Kazem Zendehdel 2009 [52] | Caucasian (Sweden) | 124/469 | NA | Population based | Age,gender | Multiplex PCR | Smoking status | 70(56.5) | 239(51.0) |
| Jin-Mei Piao 2009 [53] | Asian (South Korea) | 2213/1699 | Histologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | NA | TaqMan | GSTT1 genotyping | 1225(55.4) | 923(54.3) |
| Thai V. Nguyen 2010 [54] | Asian (Vietnam) | 59/109 | NA | Clinic based | NA | PCR | NA | 43(73.0) | 75(69.0) |
| Domenico Palli 2010 [55] | Caucasian (Italy) | 296/546 | Histologically diagnosis | Population based | NA | Multiplex PCR | GSTT1 genotyping | 166(56.1) | 275(50.4) |
| Dhirendra Singh Yadav 2010 [56] | Caucasian (India) | 133/270 | Histopathologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | Age,gender | Multiplex PCR | NA | 49(37.0) | 120(44.0) |
| Mohamad Darazy 2011 [57] | Caucasian (Lebanon) | 13/70 | Histologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | Age,gender | PCR | NA | 6(46.2) | 12(17.1) |
| Ya-ping Luo 2011 [58] | Asian (China) | 123/129 | Pathologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | NA | PCR | NA | 93(75.6) | 71(55.0) |
| An-Ping Zhang 2011 [59] | Asian (China) | 194/412 | Histologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | NA | PCR-CTPP | GSTT1 genotyping | 105(54.1) | 194(47.1) |
| Deepmala Yadav 2011 [60] | Caucasian (India) | 41/130 | Pathologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | Geographical origin | Multiplex PCR | GSTT1 genotyping | 11(26.8) | 38(29.2) |
| Mª Asunción García-González 2012 [61] | Caucasian (Spain) | 557/557 | Histopathologically diagnosis | Clinic based | Age,gender | Multiplex PCR | Helicobacter pylori infection and GSTT1 genotyping | 283(50.8) | 267(47.9) |
| Chen Jing 2012 [62] | Asian (China) | 410/410 | Histologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | Age,gender | PCR-CTPP | GSTT1 genotyping | 240(58.6) | 207(50.6) |
| Mridul Malakar 2012 [63] | Caucasian (India) | 102/204 | Histopathologically diagnosis | Population based | Age,gender | PCR | Smoking status and GSTT1 genotyping | 57(55.9) | 97(47.5) |
| Aptullah Haholu 2013 [64] | Caucasian (Turkey) | 50/57 | Pathologically diagnosis | Population based | Age,gender | Multiplex PCR | NA | 26(52.0) | 25(43.9) |
| Sang-Yong Eom 2013 [65] | Asian (South Korea) | 477/476 | Histologically diagnosis | Healthy volunteers | Age,gender | Multiplex PCR | NA | 263(55.1) | 259(54.4) |
GC, gastric cancer; NA: relative data not available in original studies; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; PCR–RFLP: Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism; RT-PCR: Real-Time PCR; PCR-CTPP: Polymerase chain reaction with confronting two -pair primers.