Table 1. Study details including protocol used for grip strength.
| Study (population) ref(s) | Wave* | N seen† | N with gripmeasure | Birthyear(s) | Year(s) ofdata collection | Age range(years) | Device(s) used/position ref(s) | Repetitions/hands/value used |
| SWS (children of women incohort study, Southampton)[13] | 1 | 1,035 | 968 | 2000−2005 | 2004−2009 | 4−5 | Jamar/seated [52] | Six/both/max. |
| 2 | 522 | 462 | 2000−2003 | 2007−2010 | 6−7 | |||
| ALSPAC (children ofwomen attending antenatalclinics in Bristol and DistrictHealth Authority) [14] | 1 | 7,159 | 6,701 | 1991−1992 | 2003−2005 | 10−14 | Jamar/seated | Six/both/max. |
| ADNFS (random sample ofEnglish population withsubsample having physicalappraisal) [21], [22] | 1 | 3,024 | 2,602 | 1916−1974 | 1990 | 16−74 | Nottingham electronic/seated [36], [53] | Three (or five if third 10% above best of first two)/dominant in 97.2% (non-dominant ifinjured)/max. |
| UKHLS (nationallyrepresentative sample of UK‡) [23] | 1 | 15,591 | 14,678 | 1908−1996 | 2010−2012 | 16−102 | Smedley/majority(83.1%) standing [54] | Six/both/max. |
| SWS (partner’s grip strengthat 19 week visit) [13] | 1 | 1,520 | 1,265 | 1941−1985 | 2002−2005 | 18−58 | Jamar/seated [52] | Six/both/max. |
| SWS (mother’s grip strengthat 19 weeks pregnant) [13] | 1 | 1,634 | 1,563 | 1963−1982 | 2002−2005 | 21−40 | Jamar/seated [52] | Six/both/max. |
| T-07 (stratified sample fromCentral Clydeside, GreaterGlasgow, Scotland) [15] | 1 | 923 | 880 | 1971−1972 | 2007−2008 | 35−37 | Jamar/majority(99.0%) standing [55] | Six/both/max. |
| 991 | 913 | 1945−1955 | 52−62 | |||||
| 654 | 587 | 1929−1933 | 74−78 | |||||
| ELSA (participants fromHSE aged 50 or older) [20] | 1 | 7,666¶ | 7,477 | 1914§–1952 | 2004−2005 | 52−89§ | Smedley/majority(80.2%) standing | Six/both/max. |
| 2 | 8,210** | 7,965 | 1918||−1970 | 2008−2009 | 50−89|| | Smedley/majority(81.5%) standing | ||
| NSHD (socially stratifiedsample of all births inEngland, Scotland andWales in one week inMarch 1946) [24], [25] | 1 | 2,984 | 2,847 | 1946 | 1999 | 53 | Nottinghamelectronic/seated [56] | Four/both/max. |
| 2 | 2,229 | 2,069 | 2006–10 | 60−64 | Six/both/max. | |||
| HCS (those born in North,East and West Hertfordshireand still resident when traced) [16] | 1 | 2,997 | 2,987 | 1931−1939 | 1999−2004 | 59−73 | Jamar/seated | Six/both/max. |
| 2 (East Herts. only) | 642 | 639 | 2004−2005 | 65−75 | ||||
| HAS (as per HCS but NorthHertfordshire only) [17] | 1 | 717 | 717 | 1920−1930 | 1994−1995 | 63−73 | Harpenden/seated | Six/both/max. |
| 2 | 294 | 292 | 2003−2005 | 72−83 | Jamar/seated | |||
| LBC1936 (participants ofScottish Mental Surveysin 1947 at age 11 andstill resident in Lothianarea of Scotland) [18] | 1 | 1,091 | 1,086 | 1936 | 2004−2007 | 68−70 | Jamar/seated | Six/both/max. |
| 2 | 866 | 865 | 2007−2010 | 72−73 | ||||
| LBC1921 (as perLBC1936 but participantsin 1932 at age 11) [18] | 1 | 550 | 544 | 1921 | 1999−2001 | 78−80 | Jamar/seated [57] | Six/both (values from dominant hand used inanalyses)/max. |
| 2 | 321 | 321 | 2003−2005 | 82−84 | ||||
| 3 | 237 | 204 | 2007−2008 | 86−87 | ||||
| N85 (those registeredwith a Newcastle/NorthTyneside general practice) [19] | 1 | 849 | 819 | 1921 | 2006−2007 | 84−86 | Takei digital/standing | Four/both/max. |
| 2 | 632 | 603 | 2007−2009 | 85−88 | ||||
| 3 | 486 | 453 | 2009−2010 | 87−89 | ||||
| 4 | 344 | 296 | 2011−2012 | 89−91 |
Studies ordered by age at first wave of data collection, youngest first.
*With measurement of grip strength.
The number here typically refers to the number of participants seen at the stage of the study where grip strength would normally be measured (e.g. at a clinic visit).
The wave 2 nurse health assessment in which grip strength was measured was only carried out in England, Scotland and Wales.
In the first wave of ELSA to measure grip (wave 2), only core study members (n = 8,780) were eligible to take part in the nurse visit and this was completed in the number shown.
80 individuals were aged 90 or older and their exact age is not available.
**In the second wave of ELSA to measure grip strength (wave 4) only core study members (n = 9,886) core members were eligible to take part in the nurse visit and this was completed in the number shown.
91 individuals were aged 90 or older and their exact age is not available.
ADNFS Allied Dunbar National Fitness Survey, ALSPAC Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, ELSA English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, HAS Hertfordshire Ageing Study, HCS Hertfordshire Cohort Study, HSE Health Survey for England, LBC1921 and LBC1936 Lothian Birth Cohorts of 1921 and 1936, N85 Newcastle 85+ Study, NSHD Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development, SWS Southampton Women’s Survey, T-07 West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study, UKHLS Understanding Society: the UK Household Panel Study.