ECP interactions with spinach glycoproteins. Shown are the results of ELISA of spinach enriched with glycoproteins from roots or leaves with E. coli JT1 expressing ECPIHE3034 (pMat3) or the negative control (pSE380) (A) or with antibody LM6 (all arabinose), LM13 (arabinan), or LM1 (HRGPs) (B). Detection was carried out with or without (native) enzymatic treatments: AF, mannanase (Mase), and PL. Spinach root extracts were characterized from dot blots with the monoclonal antibodies (C). The labels refer to each antibody (Table 3), and “LM2 (gum)” refers to the interaction with gum arabic as a positive control. Significance levels are as follows: ***, p ≤ 0.001; **, p ≤ 0.005; *, p ≤ 0.05; NS, non-significant. Error bars represent S.E.