TABLE 2.

List of highly up-regulated P. falciparum genes in C4S-selected parasites compared to non-selected parasites as assessed by microarray and quantitative RT-PCR analyses

Gene ID	Characteristics of the expressed proteins	Up-regulation of transcriptsa
		Microarray analysisb	Quantitative RT-PCR analysis
		-fold
PFL0030c	VAR2CSA PfEMP1	9	354
	(C4S binding)
PFB0100c	KAHRP	83	576
	(knob formation)
PFB0095c	PfEMP3	164	298
	(knob stabilization)
PFB0090c	KAHsp40, DnaJ domain	18	75
	(chaperone)
PFB0085c	PHISTb and DnaJ domains	3.7	NDc
	(uncharacterized protein)
PFB0080c	PHISTb domain	48	112
	(RLP1)
PFB0075c	HYP9 domain	20	244
	(integral membrane protein)b

^a Initial microarray analysis gave a qualitative assessment of gene transcripts present at high levels in C4S-binding parasites compared with non-binding parasites (supplemental Table S1). Subsequent real-time RT-PCR analysis quantified the levels of highly abundant gene transcripts in C4S-binding parasites. The upper and lower confidence levels for gene expression, measured by microarray analysis, are given in supplemental Table S1. Because microarray measurements are not linear at the upper ends, the data are not expected to be in agreement with those determined by quantitative RT-PCR analysis.

^b Ref. 47.

^c Not determined.