Table 1. Cohort characteristics in early, middle, and late adulthood in all men, and by quintile of BMI in early adulthood.
| Characteristic | Percentile group of BMI at age 21 years | |||||||||||
| All | 0%–20% | 21%–40% | 41%–60% | 61%–80% | 81%–100% | |||||||
| n | Mean ± SD/% | n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD | |
| Measurements at mean age 21 years (early adulthood) | ||||||||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 3464 | 22.0±3.0 | 703 | 18.4±1.4 | 671 | 20.5±0.4 | 680 | 21.7±0.3 | 671 | 22.9±0.4 | 739 | 26.1±2.6 |
| normal-weight (BMI<25 kg/m2) | 3043 | 87.9% | ||||||||||
| overweight (25 kg/m2≤BMI<30 kg/m2) | 367 | 10.6% | ||||||||||
| obese (BMI≥30 kg/m2) | 54 | 1.6% | ||||||||||
| Weight (kg) | 3464 | 66.8±10.4 | 703 | 55.8±6.0 | 671 | 62.3±4.2 | 680 | 65.7±4.4 | 671 | 69.6±5.1 | 739 | 79.7±10.1 |
| Height (m) | 3464 | 1.74±0.06 | 703 | 1.74±0.06 | 671 | 1.74±0.06 | 680 | 1.74±0.06 | 671 | 1.74±0.06 | 739 | 1.75±0.06 |
| Measurements at mean age 50 years (middle-age) | ||||||||||||
| Age (years) | 3464 | 48.8±5.5 | 703 | 49.6±5.7 | 671 | 49.0±5.3 | 680 | 48.8±5.4 | 671 | 48.3±5.3 | 739 | 48.2±5.5 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 3464 | 25.4±3.0 | 703 | 23.7±2.9 | 671 | 24.4±2.5 | 680 | 25.1±2.4 | 671 | 25.9±2.5 | 739 | 27.6±3.0 |
| normal-weight (BMI<25 kg/m2) | 1628 | 47.0% | ||||||||||
| overweight (25 kg/m2≤BMI<30 kg/m2) | 1606 | 46.4% | ||||||||||
| obese (BMI≥30 kg/m2) | 230 | 6.6% | ||||||||||
| Weight (kg) | 3464 | 77.0±10.3 | 703 | 71.8±9.7 | 671 | 73.9±8.7 | 680 | 75.9±8.6 | 671 | 78.5±9.1 | 739 | 84.2±10.4 |
| Height (m) | 3464 | 1.74±0.06 | 703 | 1.74±0.07 | 671 | 1.74±0.06 | 680 | 1.74±0.06 | 671 | 1.74±0.07 | 739 | 1.74±0.07 |
| Measurements at mean age 70 years (late adulthood) | ||||||||||||
| Age (years) | 3464 | 68.6±5.5 | 703 | 69.4±5.7 | 671 | 68.7±5.3 | 680 | 68.6±5.4 | 671 | 68.1±5.3 | 739 | 68.0±5.5 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 3464 | 27.0±3.7 | 703 | 25.3±3.6 | 671 | 26.1±3.3 | 680 | 26.5±3.2 | 671 | 27.4±3.2 | 739 | 29.3±3.9 |
| normal-weight (BMI<25 kg/m2) | 1054 | 30.4% | ||||||||||
| overweight (25 kg/m2≤BMI<30 kg/m2) | 1799 | 51.9% | ||||||||||
| obese (BMI≥30 kg/m2) | 611 | 17.6% | ||||||||||
| Weight (kg) | 3464 | 80.3±12.5 | 703 | 74.9±11.6 | 671 | 77.5±11.0 | 680 | 78.8±10.9 | 671 | 81.8±11.5 | 739 | 87.9±13.1 |
| Height (m) | 3464 | 1.72±0.06 | 703 | 1.72±0.07 | 671 | 1.72±0.06 | 680 | 1.72±0.06 | 671 | 1.73±0.07 | 739 | 1.73±0.06 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3287 | 6.0±1.1 | 663 | 6.0±1.1 | 635 | 6.1±1.1 | 642 | 6.0±1.0 | 642 | 6.0±1.1 | 705 | 6.0±1.1 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3244 | 3.9±1.0 | 654 | 3.8±1.0 | 627 | 4.0±1.0 | 631 | 3.9±0.9 | 637 | 3.9±1.0 | 695 | 3.9±1.0 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 3450 | 148.8±24.2 | 702 | 148.6±25.1 | 667 | 149.1±24.2 | 679 | 148.4±24.1 | 665 | 148.8±23.6 | 737 | 148.8±24.2 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 3450 | 85.1±11.1 | 702 | 84.6±11.6 | 667 | 84.8±10.8 | 679 | 84.6±11.1 | 665 | 85.9±11.0 | 737 | 85.4±11.1 |
| Insulin (µΙU/mL)a | 3280 | 8.7 (5.7, 12.4) | 666 | 8.6 (5.5, 12.6) | 632 | 8.5 (5.6, 12.3) | 642 | 8.3 (5.5, 11.8) | 641 | 8.3 (5.6, 11.6) | 699 | 9.6 (6.4, 13.7) |
| Glucose (mmol/L)a | 3287 | 5.8 (5.2, 6.1) | 664 | 5.8 (5.3, 6.0) | 636 | 5.8 (5.2, 6.1) | 641 | 5.8 (5.2, 6.1) | 643 | 5.8 (5.2, 6.0) | 703 | 5.9 (5.2, 6.2) |
| HbA1c (%) | 3287 | 5.0±0.9 | 666 | 5.0±0.9 | 635 | 5.0±0.8 | 642 | 5.0±0.8 | 643 | 5.0±0.9 | 701 | 5.1±1.0 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 3280 | 31.3±9.8 | 665 | 31.4±9.5 | 634 | 30.8±9.0 | 641 | 30.8±9.0 | 641 | 31.3±10.2 | 699 | 32.3±11.0 |
n: Number of participants (subset of individuals with BMI available at all age periods).
SD: Standard deviation.
a: Estimates correspond to geometric mean (Q1, Q3).
Quintiles of BMI at 21 years are calculated using all available data (including individuals with missing BMI at mean age 50 or 70 years).