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. 2014 Nov 20;78(6):1201–1216. doi: 10.1111/bcp.12398

Table 1.

Levels of patient involvement in health care consultations

Patient desired level Patient determined Co-determined (participation) Professional determined
4 Autonomous decision-making Informed decision making
3 Shared decision making Professional-as-agent
2 Information giving Dialogue Consultation
1 Information seeking/receptive Information giving
0 Non-involved Exclusion

Adapted from 7. Reprinted from Social Science & Medicine, Vol. 64, AGH Thompson, ‘The meaning of patient involvement and participation in health care consultations: A taxonomy’, Pages 1297–1310, Copyright 2007, with permission from Elsevier.