Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of parents and children by recruitment outcomes
| Acceptedaand randomized (N = 361) | Acceptedaand not randomized (N = 402) | Refused (N = 1,360) | Unable to reach (N = 2,385) | Total (N = 4,508)b | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | |
| Parents | ||||||||||
| BMI category (kg/m 2 ) c, *** | ||||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 30.9 | (6.5) | 31.3 | (7.0) | 29.7 | (5.8) | 31.3 | (6.6) | 30.8 | (6.4) |
| Underweight (<18.5) | 18 | (5.0) | 18 | (4.5) | 121 | (8.9) | 320 | (13.4) | 477 | (10.6) |
| Healthy weight (18.5-24.9) | 55 | (15.2) | 62 | (15.4) | 245 | (18.0) | 288 | (12.1) | 650 | (14.4) |
| Overweight (25-29.9) | 127 | (35.2) | 123 | (30.6) | 462 | (34.0) | 699 | (29.3) | 1,411 | (31.3) |
| Obese (30+) | 161 | (44.6) | 199 | (49.5) | 532 | (39.1) | 1,078 | (45.2) | 1,970 | (43.7) |
| Physical activity levels (minutes/week) c | ||||||||||
| Median (interquartile range) | 60.0 | (150.0) | 60.0 | (150.0) | 60.0 | (150.0) | 60.0 | (150.0) | 60.0 | (150.0) |
| 0 | 116 | (39.7) | 151 | (45.9) | 428 | (42.3) | 737 | (43.9) | 1432 | (43.2) |
| 1-149 | 97 | (33.2) | 88 | (26.8) | 297 | (29.4) | 512 | (30.5) | 994 | (30.0) |
| 150 | 79 | (27.1) | 90 | (27.3) | 287 | (28.4) | 430 | (25.6) | 886 | (26.8) |
| Missing | 69 | 73 | 348 | 706 | 1,196 | |||||
| Length of health plan membership (years)* | ||||||||||
| Median (interquartile range) | 10.1 | (9.3) | 9.0 | (9.6) | 9.6 | (10.1) | 8.8 | (9.4) | 9.2 | (9.6) |
| Number of outpatient visits d, *** | ||||||||||
| Median (interquartile range) | 11.0 | (16.0) | 11.0 | (13.0) | 9.0 | (13.0) | 8.0 | (11.0) | 8.0 | (12.0) |
| 0 | 4 | (1.1) | 2 | (0.5) | 50 | (3.7) | 151 | (6.3) | 207 | (4.6) |
| 1-3 | 44 | (12.2) | 53 | (13.2) | 205 | (15.1) | 479 | (20.1) | 781 | (17.3) |
| 4-6 | 60 | (16.6) | 67 | (16.7) | 264 | (19.4) | 440 | (18.5) | 831 | (18.4) |
| 7+ | 253 | (70.1) | 280 | (70.0) | 840 | (61.8) | 1,315 | (55.1) | 2,688 | (59.6) |
| Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||
| Number of flu vaccines d, *** | ||||||||||
| Median (interquartile range) | 0.0 | (1.0) | 0.0 | (1.0) | 0.0 | (1.0) | 0.0 | (1.0) | 0.0 | (1.0) |
| 0 | 207 | (57.3) | 260 | (64.7) | 927 | (68.2) | 1,686 | (70.7) | 3,080 | (68.3) |
| 1 | 79 | (21.9) | 86 | (21.4) | 214 | (15.7) | 398 | (16.7) | 777 | (17.2) |
| 2 | 37 | (10.3) | 31 | (7.7) | 102 | (7.5) | 153 | (6.4) | 323 | (7.2) |
| 3+ | 38 | (10.5) | 25 | (6.2) | 117 | (8.6) | 148 | (6.2) | 328 | (7.3) |
| Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Charlson weighted score e | ||||||||||
| 0 | 313 | (86.7) | 344 | (85.6) | 1,168 | (86.0) | 2,042 | (85.6) | 3,867 | (85.8) |
| 1+ | 48 | (13.3) | 58 | (14.4) | 191 | (14.0) | 343 | (14.4) | 640 | (14.2) |
| Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||
| Health education classes | ||||||||||
| Bariatric surgery class f, *** | ||||||||||
| Yes | 15 | (4.2) | 16 | (4.0) | 22 | (1.6) | 44 | (1.8) | 97 | (2.2) |
| No | 346 | (95.8) | 386 | (96.0) | 1,338 | (98.4) | 2,341 | (98.2) | 4,411 | (97.8) |
| Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Any nutrition class f, * | ||||||||||
| Yes | 10 | (2.8) | 9 | (2.2) | 11 | (0.8) | 22 | (0.9) | 52 | (1.2) |
| No | 351 | (97.2) | 393 | (97.8) | 1,349 | (99.2) | 2,363 | (99.1) | 4,456 | (98.8) |
| Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Weight management class f | ||||||||||
| Yes | 11 | (3.1) | 7 | (1.7) | 20 | (1.5) | 26 | (1.1) | 64 | (1.4) |
| No | 350 | (96.9) | 395 | (98.3) | 1,340 | (98.5) | 2,359 | (98.9) | 4,444 | (98.6) |
| Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Children | ||||||||||
| BMI category (percentile) c, *** | ||||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 76.2 | (26.6) | 75.7 | (27.0) | 68.5 | (29.7) | 72.9 | (28.1) | 72.1 | (28.5) |
| Underweight (<5) | 32 | (8.9) | 40 | (10.0) | 201 | (14.8) | 406 | (17.0) | 679 | (16.1) |
| Healthy weight (5- < 85) | 144 | (39.9) | 161 | (40.0) | 630 | (46.3) | 982 | (41.2) | 1,917 | (42.5) |
| Overweight (85- < 95) | 75 | (20.8) | 76 | (18.9) | 263 | (19.3) | 407 | (17.1) | 821 | (18.2) |
| Obese (≥95) | 110 | (30.4) | 125 | (31.1) | 266 | (19.6) | 590 | (24.7) | 1,091 | (24.2) |
| Physical activity levels (minutes/week) c, *** | ||||||||||
| Median (interquartile range) | 180.0 | (200.0) | 240.0 | (180.0) | 240.0 | (150.0) | 180.0 | (200.0) | 200.0 | (180.0) |
| 0 | 19 | (10.9) | 24 | (12.8) | 68 | (10.9) | 148 | (14.6) | 259 | (12.9) |
| 1-149 | 33 | (18.9) | 29 | (15.4) | 87 | (13.9) | 177 | (17.5) | 326 | (16.3) |
| 150-279 | 60 | (34.3) | 52 | (27.7) | 175 | (28.0) | 307 | (30.3) | 594 | (29.7) |
| 280-359 | 40 | (22.9) | 52 | (27.7) | 158 | (25.3) | 222 | (21.9) | 472 | (23.6) |
| 360+ | 23 | (13.1) | 31 | (16.5) | 136 | (21.8) | 160 | (15.8) | 350 | (17.5) |
| Missing | 186 | 214 | 736 | 1,371 | 2,507 | |||||
| Number of outpatient visits d, *** | ||||||||||
| Median (interquartile range) | 7.0 | (8.0) | 6.0 | (7.0) | 5.0 | (6.0) | 5.0 | (6.0) | 5.0 | (6.0) |
| 0 | 7 | (1.9) | 13 | (3.2) | 66 | (4.9) | 152 | (6.4) | 238 | (5.3) |
| 1-3 | 79 | (21.9) | 99 | (24.6) | 354 | (26.1) | 715 | (30.0) | 1,247 | (27.7) |
| 4-6 | 89 | (24.7) | 103 | (25.6) | 400 | (29.4) | 662 | (27.7) | 1,254 | (27.8) |
| 7+ | 186 | (51.5) | 187 | (46.5) | 539 | (39.7) | 856 | (35.9) | 1,768 | (39.2) |
| Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||
| Number of flu vaccines d, ** | ||||||||||
| Median (interquartile range) | 0.0 | (1.0) | 0.0 | (1.0) | 0.0 | (1.0) | 0.0 | (1.0) | 0.0 | (1.0) |
| 0 | 187 | (51.8) | 229 | (57.0) | 786 | (57.8) | 1,480 | (62.1) | 2,682 | (59.5) |
| 1 | 93 | (25.8) | 90 | (22.4) | 294 | (21.6) | 489 | (20.5) | 966 | (21.4) |
| 2 | 40 | (11.0) | 49 | (12.2) | 138 | (10.2) | 226 | (9.4) | 453 | (10.1) |
| 3+ | 41 | (11.4) | 34 | (8.4) | 142 | (10.4) | 190 | (8.0) | 407 | (9.0) |
| Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
aParents from Kaiser Permanente Southern California who accepted offer of study participation and gave verbal consent to disclose contact information to Claremont Graduate University for recruitment and randomization. bExcludes 222 families not eligible for participation. cBody mass index (BMI) and physical activity assessment from clinical encounter within 2 years closest to study contact date. dWithin 3 years of study contact date. eWithin 1 year before contact date. fClass within 2 years before contact date up to 2 years after contact date. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.001; ***P < 0.0001 testing for differences among the 4 groups.