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. 2014 Dec 2;14:648. doi: 10.1186/s12879-014-0648-3

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© Liu et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014

This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Western blot analyses of the NOD1 and NOD2 proteins (A and C). The rats were administered vehicle (0) or were infected with S. pneumoniae (1 × 10⁶ bacteria) via intracisternal injection. At days 1 (D1), D2, and D3 postinfection, protein isolates were assayed for the presence of NOD1 (Panel A) and NOD2 (Panel C). NOD1 and NOD2 protein levels were quantified by densitometric analyses and normalized to β-actin expression (Panels B and D). The asterisks indicate statistically significant differences compared to the corresponding uninfected animals (p < 0.05).