Table 2.
Total gestational weight gain and glycaemic control in 142 pregnant women with Type 2 diabetes according to excessive or non-excessive gestational weight gain
| Excessive weight gain | Non-excessive weight gain | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of women (%) | 61 (43) | 81 (57) | |
| Weight changes, median (range) | |||
| Total weight gain, kg | 14.3 (9–32) | 7.0 (-5–16) | < 0.001 |
| Weekly weight gain, g/week | 385 (245–856) | 190 (-123–424) | < 0.001 |
| Weekly weight gain in first half of pregnancy, g/week |
347 (-1167–925) | 108 (-632–579) | < 0.001 |
| Weekly weight gain in second half of pregnancy, g/week |
626 (124–1400) | 340 (-243–857) | < 0.001 |
| HbA1c | |||
| 10 gestational weeks mmol/mol |
46 (30–130) | 49 (29–75) | 0.95 |
| % | 6.4 (4.9–13.2) | 6.6 (4.8–9.0) | |
| 21 weeks mmol/mol |
39 (27–61) | 39 (27-58) | 0.36 |
| % | 5.7 (4.6-7.7) | 5.7 (4.6–7.5) | |
| 37 weeks mmol/mol |
42 (31–64) | 41 (28– 83) | 0.12 |
| % | 6.0 (5.0–8.0) | 5.9 (4.7–9.7) | |
| Ketone bodies detected, n (%) | |||
| 10 weeks | 2 (3) | 4 (5) | 0.70 |
| 21 weeks | 0 | 0 | 1.00 |
| 37 weeks | 0 | 1 (1) | 1.00 |
| Insulin treatment, n (%) | |||
| Before first visit (10 weeks) | 21 (34) | 24 (30) | 0.54 |
| After first visit (10 weeks) | 55 (90) | 58 (72) | 0.01 |
| 37 weeks | 60 (98) | 72 (89) | 0.04 |
| Median (range) dose at first visit, IU/kg/24 h | 0.36 (0–1.1) | 0.30 (-0.15–1.48) | 0.07 |
| Median (range) dose at 37 weeks, U/kg/24 h | 1.11 (0.00–2.60) | 0.78 (0.00–2.81) | 0.003 |
Excessive (>16.0, >11.5 and >9.0 kg) and non-excessive (less than excessive) gestational weight gain for normal weight, overweight and obese women, were defined according to the Institute of Medicine recommendations.