Table 3.

Messages used in Bicchieri and Xiao (2009) to manipulate social expectations.

	Empirical expectations	Normative expectations
Fair	“60% of the dividers who participated in a session of this experiment last year shared the amount approximately equally (i.e., chose option $5-$5 or $6-$4).”	“60% of the dividers who participated in a session of this experiment last year said that dividers should share the amount approximately equally (i.e., choose option $5-$5 or $6-$4).”
Selfish	“60% of the dividers who participated in a session of this experiment last year approximately maximized their own earnings (i.e., chose option $9-$1 or $8-$2).”	“60% of the dividers who participated in a session of this experiment last year said that dividers should approximately maximize their own earnings (i.e., choose option $9-$1 or $8-$2).”

The part of the message that differs is in bold.