Table 1.
Selected results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses
| Predictor | n (%) | No. with severe disease, n (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 85 | 28 (32.9) | 1.03 (1.00–1.07) | 0.028 | − | NS |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 64 (75.3) | 21 (32.8) | 1 | − | − | |
| Female | 21 (24.7) | 7 (33.3) | 1.02 (0.36–2.92) | 0.97 | ||
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Indian | 34 (40.0) | 11 (32.4) | 0.72 (0.10–4.93) | 0.74 | − | − |
| Malay | 27 (31.8) | 9 (33.3) | 0.75 (0.11–5.32) | 0.77 | ||
| Chinese | 19 (22.3) | 6 (31.6) | 0.69 (0.09–5.29) | 0.72 | ||
| Other | 5 (5.9) | 2 (40.0) | 1 | |||
| Any risk factors for melioidosis | ||||||
| No | 7 (8.2) | 2 (28.6) | 0.8 (0.15–4.41) | 0.80 | − | − |
| Yes | 78 (91.8) | 26 (33.3) | 1 | |||
| Pneumonia | ||||||
| No | 47 (56.0) | 10 (21.3) | 1 | − | NS | |
| Yes | 37 (44.0) | 18 (48.7) | 3.51 (1.36–9.07) | 0.010 | ||
| Bacteremia | ||||||
| No | 42 (49.4) | 7 (16.7) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 43 (50.6) | 21 (48.8) | 4.77 (1.74–13.08) | 0.002 | 4.05 (1.31–12.53) | 0.015 |
| Empirical antibiotics | ||||||
| Appropriate | 20 (24.1) | 9 (45.0) | 1 | 0.23 | − | − |
| Inappropriate | 63 (75.9) | 19 (30.2) | 0.53 (0.19–1.48) | |||
| Lymphocyte count | 73 | 26 (35.6) | 0.91 (0.84–0.98) | 0.008 | 0.91 (0.84–0.99) | 0.023 |
| Platelets | 78 | 24 (30.8) | 0.995 (0.991–0.999) | 0.018 | − | NS |
| Serum bilirubin | 72 | 25 (34.7) | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | 0.041 | − | NS |
| Serum alanine transaminase | 74 | 21 (28.4) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.019 | − | NS |
| Serum urea | 83 | 27 (32.5) | 1.06 (1.00–1.12) | 0.052 | − | NS |
| Flagellin type of isolate | ||||||
| I | 30 (75.0) | 19 (63.3) | 1 | − | − | |
| II | 6 (15.0) | 2 (33.3) | 0.29 (0.05–1.85) | 0.19 | ||
| III | 4 (10.0) | 3 (75.0) | 1.74 (0.16–18.80) | 0.65 | ||
NS = not significant.