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LIF/Jak/STAT signaling. Cells can communicate with each other through the secretion of cytokines, small (8–30 kDa) soluble proteins. Upon binding of cytokines and growth factors to their cognate receptors, receptor-associated Jaks phosphorylate tyrosine residues of STATs. Phosphorylated STATs form homodimers, shuttle to the nucleus, and participate in transcriptional regulation of a variety of genes.
