Table 2.
Behavioral studies manipulating epigenetic mechanisms during reconsolidation or extinction
| Memory Phase | Epigenetic Mechanism |
Structure | Manipulation | Type of FC | Effect | Citation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reconsolidation | HAT | Systemic | HAT activity block (Garcinol) | Auditory | Impaired reconsolidation | [34] |
| Amygdala | HAT activity block (Garcinol) | Auditory | Impaired reconsolidation | [34] | ||
| p300/CBP HAT activity block (c646) | Auditory | Impaired reconsolidation | [45] | |||
| HDAC | Systemic | HDAC activity block (VPA) | Auditory | Enhanced reconsolidation in training ctx | [42] | |
| Amygdala | HDAC activity block (TSA) | Auditory | Enhanced reconsolidation | [78] | ||
| DNMT | Amygdala | DNMT activity block (5-AZA or RG108) | Auditory | Impaired reconsolidation | [45, 56] | |
| Anterior Cingulate | DNMT activity (5-AZA, zebularine, RG108) | Auditory | Impaired remote retrieval | [64] | ||
| Extinction | HAT | Infralimbic mPFC | PCAF activity block (H3-CoA-20-Tat) | Auditory | Impaired EXT | [91] |
| PCAF activity enhancer (SPV106) | Auditory | Enhanced EXT | [91] | |||
| P300 activity block (c646) | Auditory | Enhanced EXT | [120] | |||
| P300/CBP activity block (Lys-CoA-Tat) | Auditory | Enhanced EXT | [120] | |||
| HDAC | Systemic | HDAC activity block (NaBut) | Context-only | Enhanced EXT | [89, 90] | |
| HDAC activity block (VPA or NaBut) | Auditory | Enhanced EXT | [42, 88] | |||
| HDAC activity block (Cl-994) | Context-only | Enhanced EXT (in retrieval-EXT paradigm) | [77] | |||
| HDAC nitrosylation (L-NAME) | Context-only | Weakened EXT (in retrieval-EXT paradigm) | [77] | |||
| Hippocampus | HDAC activity block (NaBut or TSA) | Context-only | Enhanced EXT | [89, 90] | ||
| AAV-synapsin1-driven HDAC1 overexpression | Context-only | Enhanced EXT | [92] | |||
| HDAC1 block (HDAC1 siRNA) | Context-only | Impaired EXT | [92] | |||
| HDAC1 activity block (MS-275) | Context-only | Impaired EXT | [92] | |||
| Infralimbic mPFC | HDAC activity block (NaBut) | Context-only | Enhanced EXT | [89] | ||
| HDAC activity block (NaBut or TSA) | Context-only | Enhanced EXT | [89, 90] | |||
| AAV-synapsin1-driven HDAC1 overexpression | Context-only | Enhanced EXT | [92] | |||
| HDAC1 block (HDAC1 siRNA) | Context-only | Impaired EXT | [92] | |||
| HDAC1 activity block (MS-275) | Context-only | Impaired EXT | [92] |
Abbreviations: ACQ: acquisition; Ctx: context; DNMT: DNA methyltransferase EXT: extinction; HAT: Histone acetyltransferase; HDAC; Histone deacetylase; HKM: Histone lysine methylation; KO: Knockout; NRC: Nucleosome remodeling complex; Drugs shown in parentheses