Figure 1. Schematic representation of the ‘mechanostat’ [16].
Steady-state remodeling occurs continuously within a target, non-zero strain range. Increased mechanical stimulus (e.g. exercise, reduced bone mass) increases the local strain environment and promotes osteogenesis, which then brings the local strain stimulus down to steady-state. Conversely, reduced mechanical stimulus (e.g. bed rest, microgravity) decreases the local strain environment and results in osteolysis, which then brings the local strain stimulus up to steady-state. Systemic effects, such as disease state, will alter the efficacy of the feedback loop to optimize mechanical integrity of the skeleton. Adapted from Lanyon BoneKey 2009.