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. 2014 Nov 28;6:195–204. doi: 10.2147/CPAA.S71574

Table 1.

ANOVA-derived maximum observed ALA enantiomer geometric LS mean plasma concentrations (Cmax) and the corresponding 95% CI by treatment

R-(+) Cmax LS means and CI
S-(−) Cmax LS means and CI
R/S Cmax ratio
Treatment Geometric mean (ng · mL−1) 95% CI
Geometric mean (ng · mL−1) 95% CI
Lower Upper Lower Upper
OS 600 7,843.8 6,670.2 9,223.9 3,785.9 3,232.3 4,434.2 2.07
T 200 3,375.1 2,551.7 4,464.2 1,715.9 1,307.1 2,252.6 1.97
T 300 3,591.9 2,731.3 4,723.7 1,846.5 1,391.2 2,451.0 1.95
T 600 2,822.5 2,171.8 3,668.2 1,405.9 1,072.3 1,843.4 2.01

Note: Complete study population; N=24 (12 males/12 females).

Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; ALA, alpha-lipoic acid; LS, least squares; Cmax, maximum observed plasma concentration; CI, confidence interval; OS, orally administered ALA solution; T 200, 200 mg tablet; T 300, 300 mg tablet; T 600, 600 mg tablet; N, number.