. 2014 Sep;134(Suppl 1):S13–S20. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-0646D

TABLE 3.

Adjusted Odds of Past-Year Infections Among 6-Year-Old US Children According to Breastfeeding Practices, IFPS II (2005–2007) and Y6FU (2012); N = 1281

Variable	Cold or Upper Respiratory Tract Infection		Ear Infection		Throat Infection		Sinus Infection		Pneumonia or Lung Infection		Urinary Tract Infection
Variable	aOR^a	95% CI	aOR	95% CI	aOR	95% CI	aOR	95% CI	aOR	95% CI	aOR	95% CI
Ever breastfed (n = 1281)
No	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Yes	0.93	0.65–1.32	0.94	0.65–1.36	0.74	0.51–1.07	0.70	0.47–1.06	0.89	0.40–1.99	0.78	0.34–1.78
Duration of any breastfeeding (n = 1106)
>0 to <3 mo	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
3 to <6 mo	0.68	0.45–1.04	1.04	0.66–1.64	1.00	0.62–1.61	0.71	0.41–1.23	0.81	0.31–2.15	0.55	0.17–1.81
6 to <9 mo	1.02	0.65–1.61	0.84	0.51–1.37	0.87	0.52–1.44	0.61	0.33–1.10	0.37	0.10–1.39	0.73	0.23–2.37
≥9 mo	0.98	0.70–1.36	0.69^b	0.48–0.98^b	0.68^b	0.47–0.98^b	0.47^b	0.30–0.72^b	0.77	0.37–1.60	0.54	0.23–1.25
Duration of exclusive breastfeeding (n = 1106)
>0 to <4 mo	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
4 to <6 mo	0.88	0.62–1.25	0.69	0.46–1.03	0.77	0.51–1.16	0.71	0.43–1.18	0.67	0.30–1.52	1.29	0.57–2.92
≥6 mo	1.32	0.64–2.73	0.37^b	0.14–0.98^b	0.23^b	0.07–0.76^b	0.13^b	0.02–0.97^b	0.34	0.04–2.61	0.46	0.06–3.65
Formula supplementation (n = 1106)
Breastfed <6 mo with formula before 6 mo	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Breastfed ≥6 mo with formula before 6 mo	1.08	0.77–1.50	0.81	0.56–1.16	0.86	0.59–1.24	0.65	0.42–1.01	0.92	0.44–1.90	0.83	0.35–1.94
Breastfed ≥6 mo without formula before 6 mo	1.07	0.78–1.48	0.66^b	0.46–0.94^b	0.63^b	0.44–0.92^b	0.50^b	0.32–0.78^b	0.61	0.29–1.29	0.57	0.25–1.32
Breast milk intensity (% milk feedings being breast milk) during the first 6 mo (n = 1106)
Low (>0 to < 33.3%)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
Medium (33.3% to 66.6%)	0.84	0.54–1.32	0.98	0.60–1.61	1.06	0.64–1.74	0.73	0.41–1.31	0.83	0.30–2.29	0.92	0.31–2.76
High (>66.6%)	1.03	0.75–1.41	0.77	0.54–1.08	0.73	0.51–1.03	0.53^b	0.35–0.79^b	0.62	0.31–1.26	0.51	0.23–1.14

^{^a}

aOR obtained after controlling for maternal age; race/ethnicity; education; household income; marital status; parity; Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children participation; prepregnancy BMI; infant gender and birth weight; infant cared for by someone other than parent at 3 months old; infant attending after-school child care at 6 years of age; and the type of school child attended. Reference group comprised children who had no maternal report of past-year infection.

^{^b}

If 95% CI does not include 1, the findings are considered statistically significant.