Table 2.
Comparisons between single and dual tasks and dual-task costs across walking types.
| Task | Forward | Backward | Sideways | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ST Vs DT motora | Median (interquartile range) | χ 2 (df=2) | Wilcoxon signed ranks test | ||
|
| |||||
| Single task (distance; meter) | 71.50 (63.00–82.63) | 43.00 (35.63–50.50) | 37.75 (31.25–54.50) | 41.44** | F > B, S ** |
| Dual task (distance; meter) | 55.50 (46.63–65.88) | 27.00 (18.75–39.63) | 26.00 (19.00–30.75) | 50.45** | F > B > S * |
|
| |||||
| ST Vs DT cognitivea | Mean ± SD | F 2,30 | Contrasts | ||
|
| |||||
| Single task (# of correct responses) | 31.75 ± 10.67 | 31.75 ± 10.67 | 31.75 ± 10.67 | NA | NA |
| Dual task cog. (# of correct responses) | 24.81 ± 8.43 | 27.38 ± 10.70 | 25.22 ± 9.18 | 3.23 | NA |
|
| |||||
| DTC of motor and cognitive tasks | Mean ± SD | ||||
|
| |||||
| DTC distance, mean ± SD | 21.44% ± 16.55 | 29.86% ± 21.50 | 37.52% ± 18.32 | 8.69** | F < B < S * |
| DTC cog., mean ± SD | 15.91 ± 22.43 | 11.07 ± 15.60 | 15.87 ± 19.52 | 1.11 | NA |
aSignificant differences were found between ST and DT for motor and cognitive tasks in all three walking types; P = .0001.
* P < .05, ** P < .001.