Table 2.
Study | Subjects [STRAW stage] | Age (y) | Hormonal treatment | Technique / Tracer | Test | Comparison | Results | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Berent-Spillson et al., 2012 | 56 | (42–61) | (No HT ≥3m): | fMRI | Episodic verbal memory (encoding and storage) | PreMP vs. periMP vs. postMP | PostMP: ↑ iFC r, PFC l, TP l | Different executive function, and verbal fluency, after adj for age |
[S:−3 S:−2 S:+1] | 47 ± 3 | gr1 (n = 20): PreMP | periMP: ↑iFC l | |||||
53 ± 3 | gr2 (n = 15): periMP | corr −: E and iFC l, TP l, PHC l, PC l | ||||||
54 ± 3 | gr3 (n = 32): PostMP | |||||||
Visual working memory | n.s. | |||||||
Dumas et al., 2012b | 24 | 59 ± 6 | gr1 (n = 12): E (3m) + antimuscarinic / antinicotinic / placebo | fMRI (2x) | Visual verbal working memory + cholinergic antagonist | ET vs. placebo | [Antimuscarinic]: E: ↓ mFG l (BA10), aCG r (BA24), iPL l (BA40), Ins r (BA13), sTG l (BA22) | = Performance |
[S:+2] | 60 ± 5 | gr2 (n = 12): placebo (3m) + antimuscarinic / antinicotinic /placebo | [Antinicotinic]: E: ↑ pCun r (BA31), ↑ paracentralL (BA5), ↓ PHG r (BA34) | |||||
Maki et al., 2011 | 25 | 60 ± 3 | (HT before final menstruation): | fMRI | Verbal memory | HT vs. NT | [recognition]: NT: ↑ PHG (BA35, 36), HT: ↑HC l | HT: ↑ verbal memory performance |
[S:+2] | 60 ± 3 | gr1 (n = 13): E/CEE (P, n = ?) | [match]: HT: ↑ HC l | |||||
gr2 (n = 12): NT | [encoding-match]: NT: ↑ HC l | |||||||
Figural memory | HT vs. NT | [recognition]: HT: ↑ PHG l (BA35, 27), perirhinal | ||||||
[recognition-match]: HT: ↑ PHG r (BA35) | ||||||||
Berent-Spillson et al., 2010 | 55 | 68 ± 6 | PostMP (within 2y of MP and past HT≥10y): | fMRI | Visual working memory | ET+HT vs. NT | ET+HT: ↑ iFL r, aC, aIns l, PL r, sPL l, HC l, PHC, pC, raphe | = Performance |
[S:+2] | 64 ± 5 | gr1 (n = 17): CEE | Corr +: performance and activation Hipp r, meTL | |||||
66 ± 5 | gr2 (n = 20): CEE+P | |||||||
gr3 (n = 18): NT | ||||||||
ET vs. NT | ET: ↑ sFL, aIns l, pIns, sPL r, iPL, HC l, PC | |||||||
HT vs. NT | HT: ↑ pFC r, iFL r, sFL l, Pu l, Ins r, aIns l, pIns l, sPL r, HC, PHG l, pC, midbrain raphe | |||||||
HT vs. ET | HT: ↑ sPC l, PHG | |||||||
ET: ↑ sFL r, pFC r, sPC r | ||||||||
Gleason et al., 2006 | 23 | 58 ± 5 | PostMP | fMRI | Cognitive | HT vs. NT | HT: ↑ HC r, vpTL l | E > NT > CEE memory performance |
[S:+2] | gr1 (n = 4): opposed E | |||||||
gr2 (n = 10): opposed CEE | ||||||||
gr3 (n = 9): NT | ||||||||
Maki and Resnick, 2000 | 28 | 66 ± 6 | gr1 (n = 12): E (+P, n = 6) (pastET≈15y) + 2y | PET (2x) | Verbal memory | ET vs. NT | ET: ↑ HC r, Ins r, sTG l | HT: ↑ memory performance |
[S:+2] | 68 ± 6 | gr2 (n = 16): NT (pastET, n = 5) + 2y | [15O] water | Verbal vs. rest | NT: ↑ ACC l | |||
Over time | ||||||||
Figural memory | ET vs. NT | ET: ↑ pPHG r, iFG r | ||||||
Figural vs. rest | NT: ↑ miTG r, ↓Cb r | |||||||
Over time | ||||||||
Resnick et al., 1998 | 32 | 68 ± 6 | gr1 (n = 15): ET (+P, n = 7) | PET | Resting state | / | / | HT: ↑ figural and verbal memory |
[S:+2] | 65 ± 6 | gr2 (n = 17): NT (pastET, n = 5) | [15O] water | |||||
Verbal memory | ET vs. NT | ET: ↓ PHG r, PCun r, dFG r | ||||||
Verbal vs. rest | NT: ↑ iFC r, ↓ Hy l | |||||||
Figural memory | ET vs. NT | ET: ↑ iPL r, ↓ PHG r, NT: ↑ visual ass cortex l, ↓ aThal l, MB r | ||||||
Figural vs. rest |
See Appendix for acronyms/abbreviations.