Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics of Study Measures in 1990 and 2007 (n=24 states)
| 1990 | 2007 | 1990–2007 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | % Change in Mean | |
|
|
|||||
| DUI Arrests | |||||
| Female rate per 100,000 | 306 | 166 | 275 | 116 | −5 |
| Male rate per 100,000 | 2019 | 1059 | 1033 | 391 | −32 |
| Law Enforcement Resources | |||||
| DUI-Units (% coverage in state) | 53 | 23 | 55 | 21 | 2 |
| Female Pct of Sworn Officers | 8 | 3 | 11 | 3 | 16 |
| Sworn officers per 1000 pop | 2 | 0.5 | 3 | 0.6 | 6 |
| Compliance - Self-reported Drunk Driving | |||||
| Female rate per 100 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 0.6 | −2 |
| Male rate per 100 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 1 | −12 |
| Drinking Patterns a | |||||
| Occasional Drinkers | |||||
| Female rate per 100 | 25 | 6 | 25 | 5 | 0 |
| Male rate per 100 | 31 | 9 | 31 | 5 | 0 |
| Moderate Drinkers | |||||
| Female rate per 100 | 16 | 6 | 17 | 5 | 3 |
| Male rate per 100 | 22 | 7 | 20 | 5 | −5 |
| Chronic Drinkers | |||||
| Female rate per 100 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 20 |
| Male rate per 100 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 2 | 7 |
| Controls | |||||
| Unemployment rate | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | −20 |
| Pct of population ages 21–24 | |||||
| Female rate per 100 | 10 | 1 | 9 | 1 | −5 |
| Male rate per 100 | 10 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 0 |
a
Prevalence of three non-overlapping drinking patterns were measured as follows: 1. Occasional drinkers include those females who consumed between 1–7 alcoholic drinks in the past 30 days and those males who drank 1–15 drinks. 2. Moderate drinkers in the past 30 days consumed 8–29 drinks for women and 16–59 drinks for men. 3. Chronic drinkers exceeded health recommendations (30+ drinks for women in past 30 days; 60+ drinks for men).