Table 5. Soil CEC (cmol kg⁻¹) as affected by main effects of P application and subplot effects of cropping system in 2011 and 2012.

Year	P rate (kg ha−1)	Soil CEC of intercropped and weighted means of corresponding monocropped crops (cmol kg−1)
		Maize + faba bean		Maize + soybean		Maize + chickpea		Maize + turnip		Average
		Mono	Inter	Mono	Inter	Mono	Inter	Mono	Inter	Mono	Inter	Mean
2011	0	21.0a	22.9a	19.6a	23.5a	19.4a	23.7a	20.4a	24.8a	20.1a	23.8a	21.9B
	40	22.9a	22.1a	21.8a	20.1a	23.2a	25.1a	22.5a	22.9a	22.6a	22.6a	22.6B
	80	29.1a	21.2bc	26.6ab	27.2ab	26.8ab	20.3c	26.5ab	23.0abc	27.2a	22.9a	25.1A
	Mean	24.3A	22.1A	22.7A	23.6A	23.1A	23.0A	23.1A	23.6A	23.3A	23.1A	23.2
2012	0	21.8a	20.3bc	22.8a	19.5c	21.5ab	19.6c	21.3ab	19.4c	21.9A	19.7B	20.8B
	40	22.2bc	19.8d	22.2bc	19.6d	22.2bc	23.4ab	24.0a	21.6c	22.6A	21.1B	21.9A
	80	20.4abc	21.2abc	20.5abc	20.2bc	19.8c	21.7a	21.5ab	20.6abc	20.6A	20.9A	20.4B
	Mean	21.5B	20.4CD	21.9AB	19.8D	21.2BC	21.6AB	22.2A	20.6C	21.7A	20.6B	21.1
ANOVA
	Year (Y)				<0.001						0.003
	P rate (P)				0.028						0.151
	Cropping system (C)				0.734						0.292
	Y×P				0.004						0.055
	Y×C				0.697						0.499
	P×C				0.265						0.226
	Y×P×C				0.021						0.009

Values are means of three replicates. Values followed by the same lowercase letters are not significantly different among different cropping systems with the same P rate in one year at the 5% level by LSD (horizonal comparison); values followed by the same capital letters are not significantly different among different P rates (vertical comparison) or among different cropping systems (horizonal comparison) in one year at the 5% level by LSD. Values under ANOVA are the probabilities (P values) of the sources of variation.