Table 1.
Summarize the risk factors for cancer associated thrombosis.
| PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS | TUMOR-RELATED FACTORS | TREATMENT-RELATED FACTORS | BIOMARKERS |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female gender | Anatomical site of tumor | Major surgery | High TF expression by tumor cells31 |
| Older age | Tumour histology | Hospitalization | Pre-chemotherapy platelet count >350,000/mm38,35 |
| Race (black ethnicity) | Advanced stage of cancer | Cancer therapy | Pre-chemotherapy leukocyte count >11,000/mm38 |
| Common comorbidities: DM, Obesity, Previous VTE, atherosclerosis, inflammation, others | Initial period after diagnosis of cancer | Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents | Elevated D-dimer34,35 |
| Inherited prothrombotic mutations | – | Central venous catheters | High level of35 - TF plasma levels - soluble P-selectin - C-reactive protein |
Abbreviations: TF, tissue factor; DM, diabetic mellitus; VTE, Venous thromboembolism.