In vitropreparation and functional analyses of four mutant FadR proteins plus its wild-type version. (A) Expression and purification of four mutant FadR proteins and its wild-type. M: protein standard marker (Biorad). EMSA-based assays of binding activities of four mutant FadR proteins, FadRW60G (C), FadRF74G (D), FadRW75G (E) and FadRF74G, W75G (F) in comparison with that of the wild-type version (B). The gel shift tests were all conducted using 7.5% native PAGE, and a representative result is shown here. In these assays, FadR protein is added as follows: 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5 and 10 pmol. The DIG-labeled fadD probe 2 is added to 0.2 pmol