Table 4. Oxidative stress markers in kidney, plasma and urine (n=7) (n=21).

Variables	Groups						Pa
	C		HD+S		HD+S+L
	Mean	s.e.	Mean	s.e.	Mean	s.e.
Kidney
TAP (% g−1 protein)	54.6	3.8	59.3	2.4	59.4	3.4	0.243
Plasma
TAP (%)	40.4	3.1	42.6	4.4	49.3	3.5	0.498
Urine
MDA (μM)	2.17a	0.67	5.6b	0.55	4.08a,b	0.60	0.003
AGEs (μg ml−1)	0.21a	0.004	0.24b	0.006	0.24b	0.006	0.005
8-OHdG (ng ml−1)	7.91a	0.54	12.24b	0.58	12.92b	0.44	<0.001

Abbreviations: AGE, advanced glycation end products; C, control; HD+S, animals subjected to diet-induced obesity; HD+S+L, HD+S supplemented with lycopene; MDA, malondialdehyde; 8-OHdG, 8-hydroxy-deoxy-guanosine; TAP, total antioxidant performance.

Mean values with unlike superscript letters were significantly different (P<0.05).

^aOne-way analysis of variance with Holm–Sidak post-hoc test.