Skip to main content
. 2014 Dec 9;8:230. doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2014.00230

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Optogenetic evidence for the involvement of the mPFC in addictive behavior. Yellow flash: photoinhibition; blue flash: photoactivation. ↑ = enhanced drug taking/seeking; ↓ = reduced drug taking/seeking. Optogenetic manipulations indicate that the circuitry that regulates drug taking (when the drug is available) differs from the circuitry that mediates drug seeking (in absence of the drug). (A) Manipulation of drug taking. 1Chen et al. (2013): photoactivation PLC diminished compulsive cocaine taking in aversion resistant rats. 2Chen et al. (2013) and Martín-García et al. (2014): photoinhibition PLC evoked compulsive cocaine taking in aversion sensitive rats and resumption of cocaine intake in rats with history of high-frequency self-administration. 3Seif et al. (2013): photoinhibition of dmPFC-NAcc projection reduced alcohol intake paired with aversive stimulus. (B) Manipulation of drug seeking. 4Stefanik et al. (2013) and Martín-García et al. (2014): photoinhibition dmPFC attenuated cocaine seeking. 5Stefanik and Kalivas (2013): photoinhibition of BLA-dmPFC projection reduced reinstatement of cocaine seeking. 6Van den Oever et al. (2013): photoactivation vmPFC facilitated extinction of remote, but not recent, cocaine memory. 7Van den Oever et al. (2013): photoinhibition vmPFC impaired recall of recent cocaine memory, but prevented extinction of remote cocaine memory. 8Ma et al. (2014): photoactivation (1 Hz) evoked LTD in vmPFC-NAcsh projection reversed cocaine-induced synaptic adaptation and enhanced subsequent cocaine seeking. 9Pascoli et al. (2012): photoactivation (1 Hz) of vmPFC-NAcsh projection reversed cocaine-induced synaptic adaptation and locomotor sensitization. 10Pascoli et al. (2014): photoactivation (13 Hz) of vmPFC-NAcsh projection reversed cocaine-induced synaptic adaptation and abolished cocaine seeking. 11Ma et al. (2014): photoactivation (1 Hz) evoked LTD in dmPFC-NAcc projection reversed cocaine-induced synaptic adaptation and decreased subsequent cocaine seeking. 12Stefanik et al. (2013): photoinhibition of PLC-NAc core projection attenuated cocaine-primed reinstatement of cocaine seeking.