Fig. 4.

Associations between childhood human capital factors, credit scores, and heart age. Individual differences in study members’ childhood socioeconomic advantage, cognitive ability, and self-control forecast their (A) adult creditworthiness (socioeconomic advantage: β = 0.16, P < 0.001; cognitive ability: β = 0.21, P < 0.001; self-control: β = 0.23, P < 0.001) and (B) cardiovascular health risk (socioeconomic advantage: β = −0.17, P < 0.001; cognitive ability: β = −0.19, P < 0.001; self-control: β = −0.18, P < 0.001). The dots and SE bars show the association between each quintile of a given childhood human capital factor with credit score and heart age. Quintiles are shown for illustrative purposes; all statistical analyses were performed using continuous measures.