Table 3. Number of participants (and total N per condition) who showed preference for enforcement (over reform) solutions, as a factor of the metaphorical framing (problem, beast, virus), metaphorical support (present, absent) and, for Experiments 1–2, exposure (pre or post-reading of stimulus text).

	Experiment 1		Experiment 2		Experiment 3	Experiment 4
	Pre-reading	Post-reading	Pre-reading	Post-reading	Post-reading	Post-reading
Crime is a Problem frame
Metaphorical support present	22 (45)	37 (45)	17 (39)	27 (39)	23 (36)	90 (162)
Metaphorical support absent	26 (42)	30 (42)	15 (40)	24 (40)	22 (44)	94 (167)
Crime is a Beast frame
Metaphorical support present	23 (40)	30 (40)	17 (47)	27 (47)	27 (44)	92 (178)
Metaphorical support absent	23 (40)	33 (40)	11 (44)	19 (44)	25 (43)	97 (180)
Crime is a Virus frame
Metaphorical support present	27 (40)	34 (40)	14 (42)	26 (42)	22 (40)	100 (172)
Metaphorical support absent	26 (46)	38 (46)	14 (47)	27 (47)	27 (45)	87 (167)