Table 1. Lower lethal temperatures (LT₅₀) ±95% fiducial limit (°C) of first-instar nymphs and adults of the aphids Sitobion avenae, Rhopalosiphum padi and Metopolophium dirhodum acclimated at 20°C.

	Aphid life stage
Species	First-instar nymph	n	Adult	n
Sitobion avenae	−7.5±0.2e	444	−8.4±0.2f	378
Rhopalosiphum padi	−4.9±0.3b	499	−3.6±0.5a	442
Metopolophium dirhodum	−5.8±0.3c	408	−6.6±0.3d	282

Different letters indicate significant differences in LT₅₀, as determined by non-overlapping 95% fiducial limits.