Table 2.
Neurocognitive Endophenotypes (n=1560)
| Traits | Heritability (h2, p value) |
Age (β̂, p value) |
Sex (β̂, p value) |
Schizophrenia Relatedness (β̂, p value) |
ERV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sematic Fluency | 0.357, 8×1016 | 0.018, 1×1011 | 0.040, 6×101 | 0.820, 2×101 | 0.305 |
| Verbal Fluency | 0.462, 1×1025 | 0.017, 1×1010 | 0.115, 9×102 | 1.340, 3×102 | 0.498 |
| Digit Symbol | 0.514, 4×1027 | 0.043, 2×1098 | 0.142, 5×103 | 1.590, 1×103 | 0.591 |
| Trails A | 0.298, 1×1011 | 0.029, 2×1034 | 0.325, 2×107 | 0.998, 5×102 | 0.371 |
| IP CPT Hits | 0.246, 5×107 | 0.011, 1×104 | 0.089, 2×101 | 0.767, 2×101 | 0.285 |
| Digit Span Forward | 0.499, 2×1028 | 0.023, 1×1021 | 0.072, 3×101 | 0.366, 5×101 | 0.136 |
| Digit Span Backward | 0.394, 8×1019 | 0.020, 1×1014 | 0.014, 8×101 | 1.296, 3×102 | 0.481 |
| Letter Number | 0.486, 2×1028 | 0.030, 8×1037 | 0.115, 6×102 | 1.468, 1×102 | 0.545 |
| PCET Categories | 0.092, 7×103 | 0.013, 5×107 | 0.061, 4×101 | 0.982, 3×102 | 0.126 |
| SDRT Correct | 0.277, 6×1010 | 0.010, 1×104 | 0.137, 5×102 | 0.003, 1×100 | 0.001 |
| Trails B | 0.453, 2×1023 | 0.024, 3×1020 | 0.220, 7×104 | 1.448, 1×102 | 0.538 |
| CVLT Learning | 0.394, 2×1017 | 0.022, 1×1019 | 0.576, 3×1019 | 0.196, 7×101 | 0.073 |
| CVLT Delay | 0.375, 5×1018 | 0.018, 5×1014 | 0.500, 2×1014 | 0.442, 4×101 | 0.164 |
| CVLT Recognition | 0.302, 2×1012 | 0.020, 9×1019 | 0.356, 9×109 | 0.865, 1×101 | 0.321 |
| Facial Memory | 0.419, 5×1021 | 0.013, 4×107 | 0.236, 5×104 | 0.884, 1×101 | 0.201 |
| Facial Memory Delay | 0.445, 6×1019 | 0.014, 7×108 | 0.277, 5×105 | 1.481, 5×103 | 0.550 |
| Penn Emotion | 0.264, 9×1010 | 0.026, 6×1026 | 0.183, 4×103 | 1.607, 2×103 | 0.516 |
| Matrix Reasoning | 0.482, 2×1028 | 0.034, 1×1052 | 0.011, 9×101 | 1.203, 3×102 | 0.447 |
| Vocabulary | 0.762, 1×1056 | 0.011, 6×105 | 0.012, 9×101 | 1.587, 3×102 | 0.589 |
| WASI IQ | 0.714, 6×1053 | 0.011, 2×105 | 0.010, 9×101 | 1.370, 6×102 | 0.509 |
IP-CPT Identical Pairs Continues Performance Test; PCET Penn Conditional Exclusion Test; SDRT Spatial Delayed Response Task; CVLT California Verbal Learning Test; ERV estimates assume an illness prevalence of 1%; Bolded estimates significant after correction for multiple testing (FDR=0.05).