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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biol Psychiatry. 2014 Jul 21;77(1):75–83. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.06.027

Table 2.

Neurocognitive Endophenotypes (n=1560)

Traits Heritability
(h2, p value)
Age
(β̂, p value)
Sex
(β̂, p value)
Schizophrenia
Relatedness
(β̂, p value)
ERV
Sematic Fluency 0.357, 8×1016 0.018, 1×1011 0.040, 6×101 0.820, 2×101 0.305
Verbal Fluency 0.462, 1×1025 0.017, 1×1010 0.115, 9×102 1.340, 3×102 0.498
Digit Symbol 0.514, 4×1027 0.043, 2×1098 0.142, 5×103 1.590, 1×103 0.591
Trails A 0.298, 1×1011 0.029, 2×1034 0.325, 2×107 0.998, 5×102 0.371
IP CPT Hits 0.246, 5×107 0.011, 1×104 0.089, 2×101 0.767, 2×101 0.285
Digit Span Forward 0.499, 2×1028 0.023, 1×1021 0.072, 3×101 0.366, 5×101 0.136
Digit Span Backward 0.394, 8×1019 0.020, 1×1014 0.014, 8×101 1.296, 3×102 0.481
Letter Number 0.486, 2×1028 0.030, 8×1037 0.115, 6×102 1.468, 1×102 0.545
PCET Categories 0.092, 7×103 0.013, 5×107 0.061, 4×101 0.982, 3×102 0.126
SDRT Correct 0.277, 6×1010 0.010, 1×104 0.137, 5×102 0.003, 1×100 0.001
Trails B 0.453, 2×1023 0.024, 3×1020 0.220, 7×104 1.448, 1×102 0.538
CVLT Learning 0.394, 2×1017 0.022, 1×1019 0.576, 3×1019 0.196, 7×101 0.073
CVLT Delay 0.375, 5×1018 0.018, 5×1014 0.500, 2×1014 0.442, 4×101 0.164
CVLT Recognition 0.302, 2×1012 0.020, 9×1019 0.356, 9×109 0.865, 1×101 0.321
Facial Memory 0.419, 5×1021 0.013, 4×107 0.236, 5×104 0.884, 1×101 0.201
Facial Memory Delay 0.445, 6×1019 0.014, 7×108 0.277, 5×105 1.481, 5×103 0.550
Penn Emotion 0.264, 9×1010 0.026, 6×1026 0.183, 4×103 1.607, 2×103 0.516
Matrix Reasoning 0.482, 2×1028 0.034, 1×1052 0.011, 9×101 1.203, 3×102 0.447
Vocabulary 0.762, 1×1056 0.011, 6×105 0.012, 9×101 1.587, 3×102 0.589
WASI IQ 0.714, 6×1053 0.011, 2×105 0.010, 9×101 1.370, 6×102 0.509

IP-CPT Identical Pairs Continues Performance Test; PCET Penn Conditional Exclusion Test; SDRT Spatial Delayed Response Task; CVLT California Verbal Learning Test; ERV estimates assume an illness prevalence of 1%; Bolded estimates significant after correction for multiple testing (FDR=0.05).