Table 1.
Description of the cohort (n = 33)
| Demographic and clinical characteristics | ||
|---|---|---|
| Female sex, n (%) | 15 (45%) | |
| Age (median years, IQR) | 36 (31–42) | |
| Baseline BMI (median kg/m2, IQR) | 16.7 (15.4 - 17.6) | |
| Week 12 BMI (median kg/m2, IQR) | 17.6 (16.5 - 19.0)* | |
| Baseline CD4+ count (median cells/μL, IQR) | 224 (151–256) | |
| Week 12 CD4+ count (median cells/μL, IQR) | 349 (275–426)* | |
| Median serum and urine biomarker values pre-treatment and after 12 weeks of antiretroviral therapy, median (IQR) | ||
| Biomarker | Recruitment | Week 12 of ART |
| Lipopolysaccharide binding protein (μg/ml) | 46.7 (33.6 – 74.3) | 38.4 (31.1 – 44.4)* |
| Soluble CD14 (μg/ml) | 2.4 (2.0 - 2.6) | 2.5 (2.0 - 3.1) |
| Endotoxin core IgM (units/ml) | 14.1 (12.7 - 20.0) | 17.7 (11.7 - 22.7) |
| Endotoxin core IgG (units/ml) | 38.4 (23.9 - 86.6) | 32.9 (16.1 - 94.5) |
| C-reactive protein (mg/l) | 18.3 (4.5 - 64.8) | 6.4 (3.8 - 19.7)* |
| TNF-α receptor 1 (ng/ml) | 1.3 (0.8 – 2.4) | 1.0 (0.6 – 1.3)* |
| Soluble CD163 (ng/ml) | 684 (511–1022) | 531 (376–1040) |
| Urine lactulose-to-creatinine ratio (mmol/mol) | 29.3 (12.6 – 55.2) | 34.0 (14.1 – 86.3) |
Abbreviation: ART antiretroviral therapy, BMI body mass index, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α, IQR interquartile range.
*p < 0.05 for change at 12 weeks.