Table 2.

Regression coefficients estimating the associations between biomarkers of microbial translocation and inflammation

	Inflammation biomarkers
Microbial translocation biomarkers	C-reactive protein	Soluble CD163	TNF-α receptor 1
	Estimate (95% CI)	Estimate (95% CI)	Estimate (95% CI)
	p-value; model size	p-value; model size	p-value; model size
Lipopolysaccharide binding protein	28.9 (8.6, 49.1)	169 (−14, 352)	773 (−11, 1559)
	p = 0.01; n = 40	p = 0.13; n = 40	p = 0.08; n = 40
Endotoxin core IgM antibody	−25.7 (−42.7, −8.7)	−4.4 (−164, 155)	−713 (−1439, 12)
	p = 0.01; n = 38	p = 0.90; n = 38	p = 0.04; n = 40
Endotoxin core IgG antibody	−4.9 (−17.1, 7.4)	39 (−58, 137)	−324 (−762, 113)
	p = 0.58; n = 36	p = 0.76; n = 36	p = 0.54; n = 38
Soluble CD14	44.7 (21.3, 68.2)	595 (289, 902)	620 (8, 1232)
	p < 0.01; n = 40	p < 0.01; n = 62	p = 0.07; n = 62
Urine lactulose/creatinine ratio (linear)	0.22 (−0.02, 0.45)	11 (−118, 140)	141 (−186, 468)
	p = 0.33; n = 27	p = 0.68; n = 38	p = 0.81; n = 39

Results from linear mixed models pooling data across both recruitment and 12 weeks of ART. Models adjusted for age, sex, and baseline CD4+ T-cell count.

Microbial translocation biomarkers (regression predictor) are log-transformed and inflammation biomarkers (regression outcome) remain on the unit scale.

Model size represents total observations (recruitment and 12 week). Bold values represent statistically significant findings.