Table 4.

Mixed models comparing youth curriculum with a parent intervention component (parent-youth sexual risk communication or parent-only goal setting) with youth curriculum only in condom use skills and self-efficacy

Variables	Condom use skills						Condom use self-efficacy
	Overall effect			Dose effect			Overall effect			Dose effect
	β	SE	t	β	SE	t	β	SE	t	β	SE	t
Fixed effect
Intercept	16.612	0.720	23.08***	16.546	0.720	22.99***	4.513	0.311	14.53***	4.488	0.311	14.43***
Age	−0.357	0.049	−7.26***	−0.352	0.049	−7.17***	−0.020	0.021	−0.92	−0.018	0.021	−0.84
Gender [male vs. female (ref)]	0.435	0.068	6.37***	0.434	0.068	6.37***	0.419	0.030	14.16***	0.419	0.030	14.14***
Intervention groups
BFOOY+CImPACT	0.514	0.142	3.63***				0.080	0.058	1.37
a) Parent did not participate				−0.203	0.226	−0.89				−0.123	0.093	−1.32
b) Participated once or twice				0.441	0.189	2.34*				0.078	0.078	0.99
c) Participated three times				0.944	0.179	5.28***				0.186	0.074	2.50*
BFOOY+GFI	0.001	0.149	0.01				−0.022	0.061	−0.36
d) Parent did not participate				−0.138	0.222	−0.62				−0.096	0.091	−1.06
e) Parent participated in GFI				0.058	0.161	0.36				0.009	0.066	0.13
HFLE	−0.336	0.143	−2.36*	−0.335	0.142	−2.35*	−0.016	0.057	−0.28	−0.016	0.057	−0.28
BFOOY only (ref)
Time
Baseline	−1.037	0.111	−9.31***	−1.037	0.111	−9.32***	−0.443	0.044	−10.07***	−0.444	0.044	−10.08***
6-month follow-up	−0.157	0.116	−1.35	−0.157	0.116	−1.35	−0.164	0.045	−3.60***	−0.164	0.045	−3.60***
12-month follow-up	0.076	0.118	0.65	0.076	0.117	0.65	−0.053	0.046	−1.16	−0.053	0.046	−1.16
18-month follow-up (ref)
GroupxTime
BFOOY+CImPACTxTime	0.203	0.048	4.20***				0.039	0.019	2.06*
BFOOY+CImPACT(b)×Time				0.180	0.065	2.78**				0.036	0.026	1.41
BFOOY+CImPACT(c)×Time				0.307	0.061	5.00***				0.070	0.024	2.91**
Random effect
Class†	0.057	0.028	2.03*	0.054	0.027	2.01*	0.001	0.002	0.85	0.001	0.002	0.82
Student (nested within school)†	1.898	0.081	23.57***	1.892	0.080	23.54***	0.393	0.016	25.31***	0.393	0.016	25.29***

Note: BFOOY= Bahamian Focus on Older Youth; CImPACT= Caribbean Informed Parents and Children Together; GFI=Goal for It; HFLE=Bahamian Health and Family Life Education. BFOOY+CImPACT represents youth assigned to the adolescent sexual risk reduction intervention whose parents were assigned to the communication/sexual risk reduction intervention; BFOOY+GFI represents youth assigned to the adolescent sexual risk reduction intervention whose parents were assigned to the goal-setting intervention; BFOOY (only) represents youth assigned to the adolescent sexual risk reduction intervention whose parents did not receive an intervention; HFLE represents youth who received the school's standard of care and their parents received no intervention.

^*P<0.05

^**P<0.01

^***P<0.001.

^†z test. ref=reference.