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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Dec 10.
Published in final edited form as: Am Econ Rev. 2011 Aug;101(5):2003–2041. doi: 10.1257/aer.101.5.2003

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Transition Timing, Land Productivity, and Income per Capita in 1500 CE

Summary – This figure depicts the partial regression line for the effect of transition timing (land productivity) on income per capita in the year 1500 CE, while controlling for the influence of land productivity (transition timing), absolute latitude, access to waterways, and continental fixed effects. Thus, the x- and y-axes plot the residuals obtained from regressing transition timing (land productivity) and income per capita, respectively, on the aforementioned set of covariates.