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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Dec 10.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Feb 26;61(8):837–848. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.10.049

Table 3.

Patient Variables Associated with Severe Aortic Stenosis Alone (Isolated AS) vs. Aortic Stenosis and Coronary Artery Disease (AS+CAD)

Variablea Coefficient ± SE Odds Ratio (68% CI) P Reliability (%)b
Higher likelihood of isolated AS
 Larger BMIc 0.34 ± 0.094 —a .0003 82
 Shortness of breath 0.29 ± 0.10 1.3 (1.2, 1.5) .006 97
 COPD 0.22 ± 0.11 1.2 (1.1, 1.4) .05 41
 Higher aortic valve peak gradientd −0.85 ± 0.098 —a <.0001 100
 Bicuspid aortic valve 0.56 ± 0.092 1.8 (1.6, 1.9) <.0001 100
 Tricuspid valve regurgitation 3+/4+ 0.45 ± 0.20 1.6 (1.3, 1.9) .02 64
 Higher diastolic blood pressuree −0.20 ± 0.085 —a .02 74
Higher likelihood of AS+CAD
 Older agef 2.2 ± 0.32 —a <.0001 89
 Male 0.78 ± 0.087 2.2 (2.0, 2.4) <.0001 98
 Higher NYHA functional class 0.25 ± 0.053 1.3 (1.2, 1.4) <.0001 99
 Lower ejection fractiong −0.42 ± 0.12 —a .0005 98
 Peripheral arterial disease 0.58 ± 0.16 1.8 (1.5, 2.1) .0002 82
 Carotid disease 0.63 ± 0.078 1.9 (1.7, 2.03) <.0001 100
 Hypertension 0.54 ± 0.088 1.7 (1.6, 1.9) <.0001 100
 Higher systolic blood pressureh 0.33 ± 0.15 —a .03 74
 Diabetes 0.47 ± 0.099 1.6 (1.4, 1.8) <.0001 100
 Lower hematocriti −0.90 ± 0.28 —a .001 81
 Lower HDLj −0.60 ± 0.14 —a <.0001 100
 Aorta procedure 0.43 ± 0.19 1.5 (1.3, 1.9) .02 81
a

See eFigure 4 for an illustration of the nature of the relationship of continuous variables to likelihood of having coronary artery disease.

b

Percent of times variables appeared in 250 bootstrap models.

c

(BMI/30)2, squared transformation.

d

(80/AV peak gradient), inverse transformation.

e

(75/diastolic blood pressure)2, inverse squared transformation.

f

Log(age), logarithmic transformation.

g

(Ejection fraction/55)2, squared transformation.

h

(Systolic blood pressure/135)2, squared transformation.

i

Log(hematocrit), logarithmic transformation.

j

Log(HDL), logarithmic transformation.

Key: AS, aortic stenosis; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; NYHA, New York Heart Association; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; SE, standard error.