Table 2.
Clinical symptoms, complications, treatment and outcomes
| All cases (n = 506) N (%) |
Pre-existing conditions (n = 248) | Previously healthy (n = 258) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical symptoms | ||||
| Cough | 340 (67·2) | 181 (72·9) | 159 (61·6) | 0·007 |
| Fever | 260 (51·4) | 138 (55·6) | 122 (47·3) | 0·060 |
| Coryza | 253 (50·0) | 125 (50·4) | 128 (49·6) | 0·895 |
| Malaise/lethargy | 195 (38·5) | 106 (42·7) | 89 (34·5) | 0·057 |
| Vomiting | 163 (32·2) | 82 (33·1) | 81 (31·4) | 0·688 |
| Dyspnoea | 129 (25·5) | 73 (29·4) | 56 (21·7) | 0·046 |
| Diarrhoea | 72 (14·2) | 33 (13·3) | 39 (15·1) | 0·560 |
| Sore throat | 70 (13·8) | 43 (17·3) | 27 (10·5) | 0·025 |
| Headache | 54 (10·7) | 36 (14·5) | 18 (6·9) | 0·006 |
| Seizure | 33 (6·5) | 20 (8·1) | 13 (5·0) | 0·168 |
| Complications (any) | 176 (34·8) | 92 (37·1) | 84 (32·5) | 0·284 |
| Pneumonia | 90 (17·8) | 45 (18·1) | 45 (17·4) | 0·836 |
| Neurological complications (including seizure) | 49 (9·7) | 27 (10·9) | 22 (8·5) | 0·370 |
| Bacterial co-infection | 33 (6·5) | 22 (8·9) | 11 (4·3) | 0·036 |
| Viral co-infection | 26 (5·1) | 10 (4·0) | 16 (6·2) | 0·269 |
| Seizure | 17 (3·4) | 6 (2·4) | 11 (4·3) | 0·250 |
| Pleural effusion | 9 (1·8) | 5 (2·0) | 4 (1·5) | 0·692 |
| ARDS | 7 (1·4) | 6 (2·4) | 1 (0·4) | 0·050 |
| Encephalitis | 7 (1·4) | 3 (1·2) | 4 (1·5) | 0·743 |
| POC tests | 204 (40·3) | 98 (39·5) | 106 (48·1) | 0·393 |
| Treatment | ||||
| Oseltamivir | 238 (47·0) | 165 (66·5) | 73 (28·3) | 0·000 |
| Zanamivir | 3 (0·6) | 2 (0·8) | 1 (0·4) | – |
| Antibiotics | 273 (54·0) | 154 (62·1) | 119 (46·1) | 0·762 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| Death | 5 (0·9) | 1 (0·4) | 4 (1·5) | 0·192 |
| LOS in hospital: mean(SD) days | 5·9 (10·8) | 6·9 (10·6) | 4·9 (10·9) | 0·026 |
| PICU admission | 50 (9·9) | 32 (12·9) | 18 (6·9) | 0·005 |
| LOS in PICU: mean (SD) days | 5·3 (6·4) | 7·0 (7·2) | 2·3 (2·5) | 0·005 |
| Ventilated | 30 (5·9) | 20 (8·1) | 10 (3·9) | 0·058 |
| Duration of ventilation: mean (SD) days | 6·8 (11·7) | 7·5 (12·5) | 5·5 (10·5) | 0·888 |
ARDS, Acute respiratory distress syndrome; LOS, length of hospital stay; SD, standard deviation; POC, Point of care tests (rapid antigen test).
Bold values indicates significant difference between groups.