Skip to main content
. 2014 Oct 30;11(2):887–895. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2823

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Ketamine increases urothelium barrier permeability in SV-HUC1, RT4 and 5637 cells. The cells were treated with 0–4 mM ketamine for 24 or 48 h, then the upper and bottom chamber media were incubated with Alexa Fluor® 488 goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin G and analyzed by a fluorescence microplate reader. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, significant difference between the control and ketamine-treated cells.