Table 4.
Changes in laboratory and nutrition parameters from baseline to 12 months (end of program)
| Laboratory values (n = 37) | Mean (SD) baseline | Mean (SD) 12 months | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Insulin, pmol/L | 110.90 (59.15) | 135.51 (79.824) | −4.83 to 54.05 | 0.10 |
| Glucose (fasting), mmol/L | 4.91 (0.38) | 5.04 (0.37) | 0.01 to 0.24 | 0.04 |
| HOMA-IR | 3.50 (1.91) | 4.31 (2.55) | −0.15 to 1.78 | 0.10 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.11 (0.26) | 1.14 (0.30) | −0.03 to 0.08 | 0.36 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.33 (0.53) | 2.41 (0.60) | −0.11 to 0.25 | 0.42 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.26 (0.63) | 1.28 (0.52) | −0.17 to 0.19 | 0.90 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L | 26.46 (7.15) | 24.26 (10.65) | −5.39 to 0.99 | 0.17 |
| Alanine aminotransferase, U/L | 30.35 (16.00) | 28.26 (21.82) | −9.06 to 4.88 | 0.55 |
| Nutrition parameters (n = 30) | ||||
| Fruit & vegetables (servings/day) | 4.45 (2.56) | 5.22 (3.20) | −1.81 to 0.27 | 0.14 |
| Grain products (servings/day) | 6.36 (2.35) | 5.75 (2.05) | −0.40 to 1.60 | 0.23 |
| Milk & Alternatives (servings/day) | 2.58 (1.22) | 2.19 (1.16) | 0.00 to 0.78 | 0.05 |
| Meat & Alternatives (servings/day) | 1.86 (0.86) | 1.74 (1.01) | −0.27 to 0.50 | 0.55 |
| Snack consumption (servings/day) | 1.82 (0.77) | 1.59 (0.95) | −0.14 to 0.60 | 0.17 |
| Sugar-sweetened beverages (servings/day)1 | 0.33 (0.00 – 2.33) | 0.00 (0.00 – 2.00) | 0.01 | |
| Juice consumption (servings/day)1 | 0.33 (0.00 – 5.33) | 0.33 (0.00 – 3.00) | 0.77 |
1Results expressed as median (range) due to unequally distributed (skewed) values.