Figure 1. Tissue preparation setup and comparisons of control, cAF, and cAF_alt tissue during pacing.

(A) Atrial tissue mesh with stimulus and recording electrodes. (B) APD restitution curves for control tissue (black), cAF-remodeled tissue [19] (red), and cAF_alt tissue with APD alternans onset and amplitude matching clinical data [8] (dotted red line). The RyR inactivation rate constant (ki_Ca) was reduced 50% in the cAF model to create the cAF_alt model. APs (C) and CaTs (D) recorded from the last two beats at 400-ms pacing CL. Alternans are present in the cAF_alt tissue but not in control or cAF tissue.