Figure 18.

Schematic diagram of extracellular acidification induced by cellular metabolism and physiological processes. With receptor stimulation, the cellular physiological activities will be affected. The corresponding ATP consumption is compensated by the increased uptake and metabolism of glucose, which results in an increased secretion of acidic products. The extracellular acidification can be detected by LAPS. (Reprinted from [111]. © 2012, with permission from World Scientific Publishing Co.).