Table 3. Univariate and multivariate generalized estimating equations models of factors associated with CD4 cell counts.

		Univariate		Multivariate model I		Multivariate model IIa
	No.	difference	p	difference	p	difference	p
Gender
Male	578
Female	37	20.8	0.541	43.0	0.187	52.2	0.082
Age (yrs)
15–29	271
30–50	281	−31.1	0.084	−43.6	0.012	−36.4	0.040
≥50	46	−153.2	<0.001	−140.6	<0.001	−170.7	<0.001
Mode of transmission
Homosexual contact	357
Heterosexual contact	70	−59.8	0.032	−33.9	0.228	-	-
Injecting drug use	129	40.7	0.066	103.3	0.001	-	-
Receipt of blood products	6	−164.4	0.115	−118.5	0.222	-	-
HIV-1 subtype
B	201
C	3	85.6	0.317	68.2	0.384	70.5	0.367
CRF01_AE	15	−147.7	0.004	−103.3	0.041	−118.0	0.020
CRF07_BC	31	9.9	0.746	−24.4	0.510	53.1	0.084
CRF08_BC	1	−225.6	<0.001	−132.3	<0.001	−135.5	<0.001
HIV viral loads (copies/ml)
<40	225
40–400	34	−42.8	0.008	−44.1	0.007	−41.4	0.010
401–10,000	93	−107.1	<0.001	−99.0	<0.001	−97.7	<0.001
>10,000	109	−169.9	<0.001	−151.2	<0.001	−153.6	<0.001
Received ART
No	261
Yes	354	118.3	<0.001	50.0	0.005	41.6	0.020

^aThe mode of transmission was removed from multivariate model II.