. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: Kidney Int. 2014 Jun 11;87(2):427–433. doi: 10.1038/ki.2014.212

Table 5.

Relationship between baseline biomarker levels^* and renal failure^† in African Americans with type 1 diabetes: univariate analyses

		Incidence of renal failure^† OR(95% CI)^‡
CYTOKINES

TNF-α (pg/mL)

	<3.4	1
	3.4–5.3	1.31 (0.57, 3.03)

	5.4–8.7	3.47 (1.62, 7.46)^b

	≥8.8	3.54 (1.39, 9.01)^b

	p for overall model	0.002

CHEMOKINES

Eotaxin (pg/mL)
	<25.5	1
	25.5–43.3	2.68 (1.05, 6.81)^a

	43.4–67.5	4.47 (1.78, 11.23)^c

	≥67.5	7.29 (2.88, 18.43)^c

	p for overall model	<0.001

IL-8 (pg/mL)
	<1.5	1
	1.5–3.2	2.90 (1.22, 6.89)^a

	3.3–6.8	3.26 (1.33, 8.0)^b

	≥6.9	4.04 (1.63, 10.0)^b

	p for overall model	0.02

MCP-1 (pg/mL)
	<141.5	1
	141.5–194.4	1.41 (0.58, 3.40)

	194.5–281.3	2.28 (0.98, 5.34)

	≥281.4	3.02 (1.27, 7.21)^a

	p for overall model	0.05

SOLUBLE ADHESION MOLECULES

sICAM-1 (pg/mL)
	<122.9	1
	122.9–164.2	0.52 (0.21, 1.28)

	164.3–232.0	1.78 (0.86, 3.68)

	≥232.1	2.20 (1.02, 4.75)^a

	p for overall model	0.006

sVCAM-1 (pg/mL)
	<724.4	1
	724.4–932.1	1.0 (0.42, 2.24)

	932.2–1185.9	2.28 (1.09, 4.77)^a

	≥1186.0	2.02 (0.87, 4.73)

	p for overall model	0.05

Please see abbreviations for each biomarker (in pg/mL, expressed as quartiles) in table 2;

^†

estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min, dialysis, kidney transplant, or renal failure as the cause of death;

^‡

odds ratio (95% confidence interval), with reference to the first quartile of each biomarker.

p< 0.05;

p< 0.01;

p< 0.001.