Table 3.
Studies showing the role of vascular inflammation in the pathogenesis of hypertension
| Hyperetension | Experimental model | Results |
|---|---|---|
| Angiotensin II–induced hypertension | Rag−/− mice 101 | Resistance to angiotensin II hypertension. Adoptive transfer of T cells induces vascular inflammation and restores sensitivity to angiotensin II |
| IL-17−/− mice 54 | IL-17 needed for vascular inflammation and hypertension | |
| Adoptive transfer of T regulatory cells 57 | Improvement of inflammation and amelioration of hypertension | |
| Deletion of vascular superoxide dismutase 3 103 | Reduction in nitric oxide. Inflammation and hypertension unaffected | |
| MK2−/− mice 104 | Suppression of ICAM-1, MCP1, and vascular inflammation. Amelioration of hypertension | |
| Osteopetrotic mice (Op/Op) deficient in m-CSF 21 | Reduced vascular inflammation, increased AC-induced vascular relaxation, no increase in media thickness | |
| Selective ablation of myelomonocytic cells 20 | Reduced number of monocytes in blood and in vessels. Reduced inflammation, increased vascular relaxation. Transfer of monocytes reversed effects | |
| Aldosterone-induced hypertension | Adoptive transfer of T regulatory cells 58 | Suppression of vascular inflammation and correction of hypertension |
| DOCA-salt | CCR2 antagonist 22 | Suppressed vascular macrophage, correction of hypertension |
| Stress-induced hypertension | Effects of early life stress on the response to angiotensin II 105 | Increased vascular inflammation, increased hypertension in response to angiotensin II |
| Cold-induced hypertension | IL-6−/− 106 | Reduction in inflammation in arteries, heart and kidney. Amelioration of hypertension |
Studies showing the relevance of vascular inflammation in the pathogenesis of experimental hypertension.
Abbreviations: AC, acetylcholine; CCR2, chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2; CSF, colony stimulating factor; DOCA, deoxycorticosterone acetate; ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-17, interleukin 17; MCP1, monocyte chemoattractan protein 1; MK2, mitogen activated protein kinase 2; Rag−/−, recombination activating gene knockout; SOD, superoxide dismutase.