Table 3.
Changes in psychological parameters during the study (pairwise [intra-individual] comparison at beginning vs. at the end of the study), control and intervention groups (n = 68 subjects with type-1 diabetes mellitus).
| Control group | Intervention group | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | At the beginning of the study Mean ± SD |
At the end of the study Mean ± SD |
Difference Δ Range Variance |
p-value | At the beginning of the study Mean ± SD |
At the end of the study Mean ± SD |
Difference Δ Range Variance |
p-value |
| Number (n) | 34 | 34 | / | / | 34 | 34 | / | / |
| Quality of life–Impact | 1.89 ± 0.35 | 1.97 ± 0.47 | 0.08 ± 0.48 2.6 0.2 |
0.308 | 2.09 ± 0.35 | 2.06 ± 0.38 | −0.04 ± 0.38 1.8 0.1 |
0.572 |
| Quality of life–Worry | 1.98 ± 0.56 | 1.99 ± 0.62 | 0.01 ± 0.42 1.9 0.2 |
0.883 | 2.14 ± 0.55 | 2.06 ± 0.53 | −0.05 ± 0.43 1.8 0.2 |
0.476 |
| Quality of life–Treatment satisfaction | 3.25 ± 0.68 | 3.46 ± 0.43 | 0.21 ± 0.64 3.7 0.4 |
0.059 | 3.14 ± 0.44 | 3.18 ± 0.78 | 0.04 ± 0.72 4.1 0.5 |
0.764 |
| Quality of life–Life satisfaction | 3.70 ± 0.74 | 3.80 ± 0.62 | 0.10 ± 0.64 3.9 0.4 |
0.384 | 3.84 ± 0.43 | 3.64 ± 0.83 | −0.20 ± 0.98 5.1 1.0 |
0.241 |
| Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale | 7.22 ± 1.64 | 7.65 ± 1.24 | 0.43 ± 1.67 9.4 2.8 |
0.143 | 7.54 ± 0.85 | 8.04 ± 1.22 | 0.49 ± 1.30 5.0 1.7 |
0.035 |