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. 2014 Nov 11;15(11):20686–20705. doi: 10.3390/ijms151120686

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Berteroin decreases secretion and the transcripts of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. The cells were treated with LPS and/or various concentrations of berteroin as described in Figure 1. (A) Total RNA was isolated and reverse-transcribed, and real-time PCR was performed. The mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were normalized with those of GAPDH; (B) Conditioned media were collected after 24 h. The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in the conditioned media were measured using the relevant ELISA kits. Each bar represents mean ± SEM (n = 4). * Significantly different from the untreated control group (0 mg/L LPS + 0 μmol/L berteroin) (p < 0.05). Means with different letter (a, b, c or d) are significantly different among the berteroin groups (p < 0.05).