Figure 8.

The sketch map of dynamic balance of immune regulation in birds. Interferon maintains a balance in antiviral actions against immunosuppressive effects during viral infection. The precise control of interferon balance is critical for efficient viral clearance without harmful immunopathology. Both sides of interferon regulation (positive and negative) can be affected mutually by the strength of immune response and pathogen, like an immune battle. In immune regulation of host, both the cytokine storm and suppression of immunity should be avoided.