Table 4.
Characteristics of SSB and PA Level Group Combinations and the Multivariate Linear Regression Coefficients Evaluating Their Relationship With Insulin Resistance-Associated Metabolic Parameters and Anthropometric Measurements
| Unadjusted Mean (SE) by SSB Intake Group vs PA Levela |
Adjusted β(SE) b |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HOMA-IRc | 1052 | 1.8 (0.2) | 2.9 (0.3) | -1.45 (0.32)d,e | -0.62 (0.31) |
| TC, mg/dL | 2411 | 162.7 (3.7) | 165.9 (4.5) | -4.76 (6.32) | -5.66 (4.29) |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 2410 | 51.5 (1.1) | 48.2 (1.3) | 4.16 (1.78)d,f | 1.48 (1.26) |
| LDL-C, mg/dLc | 1056 | 85.5 (4.6) | 99.2 (5.6) | -14.20 (8.07) | -6.91 (5.84) |
| TG, mg/dLc | 1060 | 79.4 (6.9) | 112.7 (12.9) | -34.21 (15.19)d,g | -22.48 (13.41) |
| SBP, mm Hg | 2560 | 108.8 (1.0) | 110.8 (0.9) | -1.22 (1.37) | -0.11 (0.96) |
| DBP, mm Hg | 2560 | 62.5 (1.2) | 63.2 (1.3) | 0.39 (1.62) | -0.05 (1.09) |
| WC, cm | 2588 | 80.6 (1.1) | 84.4 (1.6) | -3.95 (2.20) | -2.58 (1.63) |
| BMI percentile | 2610 | 62.7 (2.8) | 64.1 (3.3) | -2.45 (4.45) | -3.08 (3.71) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PA, physical activity; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SSB, sugar-sweetened beverage; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; WC, waist circumference.
SI conversions: To convert total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0259; to convert TG to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0113.
Low SSB intake defined as the lowest quintile of the sum of the number of serving equivalents of caloric soft drinks, colas, sugar-sweetened fruit drinks, or other SSBs consumed per day; high SSB intake defined as the highest quintile; low PA defined as the lowest quintile of the sum of the mean number of times a subject did activity per day × the average duration of each time × metabolic equivalent score; high PA defined as the highest quintile.
β (SE) are for SSB intake and PA level compared with high SSB intake and low PA level, adjusting for age, sex, race, and energy intake (in kilocalories).
Fasting subsample.
P<.05.
β (SE) for low SSB intake alone (adjusting for PA level) = -0.48 (0.13); β (SE) for high PA level alone (adjusting for SSB intake) = -0.39 (0.14).
β (SE) for low SSB intake alone (adjusting for PA level) = 1.77 (0.62); β (SE) for high PA level alone (adjusting for SSB intake) = 0.42 (0.55).
β (SE) for low SSB intake alone (adjusting for PA level) = -7.01 (4.71); β (SE) for high PA level alone (adjusting for SSB intake) = -7.51 (4.54).