Table 5.
Sex-Specific Multivariate Linear Regression Analyses Evaluating the Relationship Between SSB Intake, PA Levels, and Their Combination With Insulin Resistance-Associated Metabolic Parameters and Anthropometric Measurements
| β (SE) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SSB Intakea |
PA Levelb |
Low SSB Intake and High PA Levelc |
||||
| Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | |
| HOMA-IRd | 0.07 (0.03)e | 0.04 (0.02) | -0.0001 (0.0001) | -0.0004 (0.0001 )e | -1.38 (0.69) | -1.51 (0.29)e |
| TC, mg/dL | -0.18 (0.39) | -0.02 (0.26) | -0.002 (0.001) | -0.001 (0.002) | -7.91 (9.19) | -3.91 (7.17) |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | -0.73 (0.15)e | -0.35 (0.08)e | 0.001 (0.0005) | 0.001 (0.0005) | 3.31 (2.90) | 5.08 (2.16)e |
| LDL-C, mg/dLd | -0.03 (0.54) | 0.19 (0.26) | -0.003 (0.002) | -0.005 (0.001 )e | -14.33 (14.78) | -14.04 (7.45) |
| TG, mg/dLd | 2.25 (1.09)e | 0.47 (1.01) | -0.01 (0.002)e | -0.01 (0.003)e | -47.01 (30.34) | -28.88 (12.87)e |
| SBP, mm Hg | 0.38 (0.13)e | 0.05 (0.08) | 0.0002 (0.001) | -0.00002 (0.0003) | -1.40 (2.06) | -1.67 (1.68) |
| DBP, mm Hg | 0.07 (0.12) | -0.02 (0.08) | 0.001 (0.0005) | -0.0004 (0.0004) | 0.75 (2.09) | -0.17 (2.60) |
| WC, cm | 0.75 (0.19)e | 0.29 (0.10)e | -0.0004 (0.001) | -0.001 (0.001 )e | -3.90 (3.64) | -3.47 (2.73) |
| BMI percentile | 0.84 (0.35)e | 0.78 (0.23)e | 0.0003 (0.001) | -0.0002 (0.001) | 2.60 (7.97) | -2.31 (5.40) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PA, physical activity; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SE, standard error; SSB, sugar-sweetened beverage; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; WC, waist circumference.
SI conversions: To convert total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0259; to convert TG to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0113.
Low SSB intake defined as the lowest quintile of the sum of the number of serving equivalents of caloric soft drinks, colas, sugar-sweetened fruit drinks, or other SSBs consumed per day; medium defined as the second through fourth quintile; high SSB intake defined as the highest quintile. β (SE) are for the number of serving equivalents of SSBs consumed per day, adjusting for amount of physical activity performed per day, age, sex, race, menarche (for female adolescents), and energy intake (in kilocalories).
Low PA defined as the lowest quintile of the sum of the mean number of times a subject did activity per day × the average duration of each time × metabolic equivalent score; medium defined as the second through fourth quintile; high PA defined as the highest quintile. β (SE) are for the sum of the mean number of times a subject did activity per day × the average duration of each time × metabolic equivalent score of activity, adjusting for the number of serving equivalents of SSBs consumed per day, age, sex, race, menarche (for female adolescents), and energy intake (in kilocalories).
β (SE) are for SSB intake and PA level compared with high SSB intake and low PA level, adjusting for age, sex, race, menarche (for female adolescents), and energy intake (in kilocalories).
Fasting subsample.
P<.05.