Table 1. Epidemiologic, dietary, and clinical characteristics of participants.
| Tinnitus | |||||
| N | None | Transient | Constant | Missing | |
| Dietary factors | 171,722 | 137,825 | 14,921 | 14,714 | 4,262 |
| Fruit and vegetable (portions/day) | 166,573 | 4.70 (sd = 3.18) | 4.73 (sd = 3.31) | 4.80 (sd = 3.44) | 4.80 (sd = 3.87) |
| Non-oily fish | 170,585 | 65.5% | 65.7% | 64.4% | 61.1% |
| Oily fish | 170,521 | 55.9% | 56.3% | 55.8% | 49.6% |
| Type of bread | 165,171 | ||||
| - White | 26.0% | 28.3% | 27.3% | 33.5% | |
| - Brown | 12.7% | 12.6% | 12.1% | 17.3% | |
| - Wholemeal/wholegrain | 56.9% | 54.3% | 55.8% | 42.9% | |
| - Other | 4.4% | 4.9% | 4.8% | 6.3% | |
| Avoidance | |||||
| - Dairy | 170,959 | 2.2% | 2.9% | 3.0% | 3.8% |
| - Eggs | 170,959 | 2.8% | 3.2% | 3.0% | 5.8% |
| - Wheat | 170,959 | 2.6% | 3.2% | 3.1% | 3.5% |
| - Sugar | 170,959 | 17.4% | 18.9% | 19.6% | 16.4% |
| Caffeinated coffee (cups/day) | 170,813 | 1.59 | 1.54 | 1.56 | 1.43 |
| 2.03 | 2.06 | 2.03 | 2.05 | ||
| Potential confounds | |||||
| Age (yrs) | 171,722 | 56.3 (sd = 8.17) | 57.8 (sd = 7.80) | 59.3 (sd = 7.20) | 55.2 (sd = 8.49) |
| Sex (Males) | 171,722 | 43.9% | 47.9% | 57.7% | 48.4% |
| Townsend index | 171,439 | −1.15 (sd = 2.93) | −0.88 (sd = 3.07) | −1.12 (sd = 2.96) | 0.16 (sd = 3.34) |
| Occupational noise exposure | 169,491 | 20.5% | 32.5% | 36.4% | 30.8% |
| Loud music exposure | 168,644 | 11.5% | 16.9% | 16.5% | 14.9% |
| Speech-in-Noise hearing | 164,756 | ||||
| - Normal | 88.4% | 83.5% | 80.0% | 81.2% | |
| - Insufficient | 10.1% | 13.4% | 15.7% | 15.3% | |
| - Poor | 1.5% | 3.1% | 4.3% | 3.6% | |
| Smoking status | 170,963 | ||||
| - Current | 10.1% | 11.0% | 9.4% | 13.7% | |
| - Past | 33.8% | 36.5% | 40.1% | 29.8% | |
| - Never | 56.1% | 52.5% | 50.5% | 56.5% | |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | 167,550 | 27.4 (sd = 4.80) | 27.7 (sd = 4.95) | 27.7 (sd = 4.68) | 28.0 (sd = 5.07) |
| Body fat percentage | 167,458 | 31.7 (sd = 8.54%) | 31.8 (sd = 8.75%) | 30.7 (sd = 8.52%) | 32.0 (sd = 8.68%) |
| Cardiovascular problems | 171,722 | 7.7% | 10.8% | 12.3% | 10.4% |
| Hypertension | 171,722 | 56.4% | 61.4% | 64.3% | 58.2% |
| Diabetes | 171,000 | 5.3% | 6.5% | 6.7% | 9.9% |
| High cholesterol | 171,722 | 18.7% | 23.5% | 26.5% | 22.2% |
| Neuroticism symptoms | 135,326 | 4.27 (sd = 3.24) | 5.01 (sd = 3.46) | 4.85 (sd = 3.38) | 5.21 (sd = 3.62) |