Table 3.
N | HFD | RN | 1×AP | 2×AP | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
AST (U/L) | |||||
Week 8 | 68.0 ± 3.6b | 133.8 ± 16.6a | 126.8 ± 23.8a | 133.8 ± 8.0a | 124.5 ± 19.1a |
Week 12 | 71.1 ± 1.2b | 113.0 ± 19.1a | 87.3 ± 8.0ab | 80.1 ± 6.2b | 79.2 ± 4.4b |
ALT (U/L) | |||||
Week 8 | 37.3 ± 0.9b | 57.7 ± 4.2a | 52.7 ± 2.8a | 65.5 ± 7.8a | 62.2 ± 3.8a |
Week 12 | 31.4 ± 1.4b | 92.9 ± 26.0a | 45.8 ± 3.3ab | 47.3 ± 5.2ab | 41.6 ± 5.1b |
Triglyceride (mg/dL) | |||||
Week 8 | 37.3 ± 1.2b | 57.8 ± 5.3a | 51.5 ± 3.0a | 50.8 ± 2.9a | 54.2 ± 3.8a |
Week 12 | 21.0 ± 2.3b | 40.9 ± 2.8a | 38.1 ± 2.8a | 27.6 ± 4.3b | 23.1 ± 1.4b |
TC (mg/dL) | |||||
Week 8 | 46.7 ± 2.0b | 69.1 ± 6.9a | 64.2 ± 2.8a | 69.8 ± 5.0a | 69.0 ± 2.9a |
Week 12 | 46.3 ± 3.9c | 76.7 ± 2.9a | 58.4 ± 3.3b | 49.4 ± 2.4bc | 48.4 ± 3.9bc |
VLDL-C (mg/dL) | |||||
Week 8 | 26.7 ± 1.5b | 47.8± 5.6a | 43.0 ± 3.0a | 46.2 ± 6.0a | 45.7 ± 4.4b |
Week 12 | 16.8 ± 2.5c | 29.3 ± 2.7a | 24.6 ± 1.6ab | 22.8 ± 1.7bc | 20.1 ± 1.6bc |
LDL-C (mg/dL) | |||||
Week 8 | 5.3 ± 0.6b | 23.2 ± 4.8a | 22.3 ± 3.2a | 18.5 ± 3.3a | 24.5 ± 4.4a |
Week 12 | 16.1 ± 0.6c | 38.0 ± 3.2a | 23.6 ± 2.5b | 18.4 ± 1.4bc | 18.4 ± 1.4bc |
HDL-C (mg/dL) | |||||
Week 8 | 14.2 ± 0.7a | 6.0 ± 1.1b | 7.0 ± 1.0b | 7.8 ± 0.8b | 7.2 ± 1.4b |
Week 12 | 13.0 ± 1.0a | 5.2 ± 0.8c | 8.3 ± 0.8b | 13.2 ± 1.3a | 13.2 ± 1.3a |
FFA (nmol/μL) | |||||
Week 8 | 0.36 ± 0.02b | 0.66 ± 0.11a | 0.58 ± 0.05a | 0.60 ± 0.23a | 0.59 ± 0.08a |
Week 12 | 0.32 ± 0.07b | 0.56 ± 0.18a | 0.48 ± 0.12ab | 0.36 ± 0.13b | 0.32 ± 0.06b |
MDA (μM) | |||||
Week 8 | 14.9 ± 1.5b | 21.5 ± 0.6a | 20.6 ± 0.9a | 21.1 ± 0.9a | 20.8 ± 0.9a |
Week 12 | 17.0 ± 0.9b | 22.6 ± 1.4a | 19.7 ± 0.5ab | 19.5 ± 1.6ab | 16.8 ± 2.7b |
Data presented as mean ± SEM.Superscripts represent statistically significant differences among groups. p <0.05 N: normal dietary group, HFD: high fat diet group, RN: normal diet revert group, 1×AP, and 2×AP: normal diet recovery supplemented with 0.75%(w/w) and 1.5% (w/w) AP.