Table 2.

Results of AMOVA to explore spatial and temporal population structure in Caullerya mesnili parasites

Lake samples	Source of variation	df	Percent variation	P -value
Spatial variation
All 2004	Among lakes	5	18.5	<0.001	***
	Within lake	163	81.5
All 2005	Among lakes	4	21.9	<0.001	***
	Within lake	133	78.2
All 2009	Among lakes	2	8.9	0.0029	*
	Within lake	86	91.1
Temporal variation
All Římov	Among years	3	9.4	0.001	**
	Within year	114	90.6
All Vír	Among years	2	12.5	0.001	**
	Within year	76	87.5
All Vranov	Among years	2	7.3	0.0039	*
	Within year	91	92.7

Calculations were based on the frequency of representative ITS-sequence variants (TCS-types) in C. mesnili parasite DNA (20 pooled Daphnia hosts per sample; for selection of samples see Table 1 and main text). Significance levels from separate analyses to test for structures in space and time, respectively, were Bonferroni corrected (adjusted P-values: *P <0.05; **P <0.01; ***P <0.001).